Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the duality of Bertolt Brecht as a playwright and poet, emphasizing his significance in the literary world and the cultural focus on him during the 2025 Shanghai Book Fair, coinciding with the anniversary of the publication of "The Bad Era of Poetry: Selected Poems of Brecht" and the Asian premiere of "The Threepenny Opera" by the Berlin Theater [1]. Group 1: Brecht's Literary Contributions - Brecht is recognized as the "most important writer" in the German-speaking world, with his drama being his primary profession and poetry serving as a more personal expression [1]. - The publication of "The Bad Era of Poetry: Selected Poems of Brecht" is noted for being the most comprehensive collection to date, featuring 318 poems, including both classic works and early poems previously untranslated into Chinese [22]. Group 2: Thematic Exploration - The discussion at the Shanghai Book Fair reflects on how Brecht's drama and poetry nourish and reflect each other, extending into contemporary thoughts [1]. - Brecht's poem "Feelings" is interpreted as a reflection on the emptiness following the defeat of fascism, highlighting the challenges faced in post-war Europe [4]. Group 3: Brecht's Life and Choices - Brecht's return to Europe after 17 years of exile in the U.S. presents a significant turning point, as he faced the challenge of rebuilding his life in a devastated Europe [8]. - His decision to settle in East Berlin was influenced by practical considerations, including the availability of theaters and government support, marking the beginning of his second artistic life [8]. Group 4: Artistic Evolution - Brecht's poetry evolved over time, transitioning from structured rhymes in his early works to a more freeform style in later years, reflecting his changing perspectives and life experiences [15]. - The article emphasizes Brecht's ability to convey complex human experiences and societal critiques through both his poetry and drama, often using dark humor to engage audiences [20].