Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the dangers of extreme dieting and weight loss methods, highlighting the physical and psychological consequences of such practices. Group 1: Health Risks of Extreme Dieting - Overly restrictive diets can lead to nutritional imbalances, resulting in symptoms like dry skin, hair loss, and muscle weakness due to insufficient intake of essential nutrients [2][4][8] - Low blood sugar levels can occur from excessive carbohydrate restriction, causing dizziness and potential safety hazards during activities like driving [3] - Anemia may develop from inadequate iron intake, leading to fatigue and decreased work efficiency, particularly affecting women during menstruation [4] - Hormonal imbalances from extreme dieting can cause menstrual irregularities, potentially impacting fertility [5][6] - A weakened immune system due to poor nutrition increases susceptibility to illnesses and prolongs recovery times [7] - Osteoporosis risk rises from rapid loss of minerals like calcium, especially in women, leading to increased chances of fractures [10] - Gallstones can form from prolonged low-fat diets, causing abdominal pain and requiring surgical intervention in severe cases [11] Group 2: Strategies for Healthy Weight Loss - A balanced diet with diverse food groups is essential to prevent nutritional deficiencies and support overall health [2][6] - Incorporating low glycemic index foods can help manage blood sugar levels effectively [3] - Increasing iron-rich foods and pairing them with vitamin C sources can improve iron absorption and combat anemia [4] - Regular intake of healthy fats and avoiding extreme calorie restrictions can prevent gallstone formation [12] - Maintaining a healthy eating structure and seeking medical advice for persistent menstrual issues is crucial [6] - Engaging in moderate exercise and adjusting dietary intake can help overcome weight loss plateaus [14] - Addressing psychological aspects of dieting, such as anxiety and depression, is important for sustainable weight management [14][15] Group 3: Identifying Need for Weight Loss - Individuals with a BMI of 28 or higher, especially with excess abdominal fat, are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome and related diseases [17] - Those with existing metabolic conditions like diabetes or hypertension may benefit from even modest weight loss [17] - Adolescents experiencing continuous weight gain post-puberty should be targeted for early intervention to prevent long-term obesity [17]