Core Insights - China's near-sightedness prevention and control is advancing with a "tailored" strategy, as outlined in the "Five Health Promotion Action Plan for Children and Adolescents (2026-2030)" by the National Health Commission and thirteen other departments, aiming for a new phase of precise and personalized near-sightedness prevention [1][2] Group 1: Policy and Strategy - The plan emphasizes "graded and classified intervention" for children's vision health, marking the arrival of a new stage in near-sightedness prevention [1] - The strategy includes three key methods for preventing near-sightedness in children and adolescents: ensuring at least 2 hours of outdoor sunlight exposure daily, using optical interventions like orthokeratology lenses or functional glasses, and considering medication under medical guidance [1][2] Group 2: Medication and Treatment - Low-concentration atropine eye drops have emerged as a preferred option for delaying the progression of near-sightedness in children and adolescents, with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04% approved for market [1] - A personalized chronic disease management model has been upgraded to include a complete "step concentration" medication system, allowing for tailored treatment plans [1] - Clinical insights indicate that children without high-risk factors may start with 0.01% atropine, while those with early onset or high myopia family history may consider 0.02%, and those with severe myopia may use 0.04% under medical supervision [2]