Core Insights - A new 3D micro-nano manufacturing technology has been developed by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Germany and the National University of Singapore, utilizing light fluid effects to enable the use of various materials beyond traditional polymers, paving the way for the creation of micro-robots [1][2] Group 1: Technology Overview - The new technology allows for the production of structures finer than human hair, with applications in medical, robotics, and microelectronics fields [1] - Traditional two-photon polymerization (2PP) methods are limited to processing polymers, which restricts the development of functional devices [1] - The core innovation involves using femtosecond lasers to precisely control light fluid effects, guiding nano or micro-sized particles for 3D self-assembly [1] Group 2: Manufacturing Process - The micro-molds function like miniature "cake molds" with openings, allowing particles to flow through and accumulate into desired shapes [2] - Molds can be designed in various complex geometries, such as cubes, spheres, or croissant-like structures, providing high design freedom [2] - After assembly, post-processing removes the polymer mold, resulting in independent microstructures made entirely of the target material [2] Group 3: Applications and Potential - The team has successfully created various functional micro-devices, including a micro-filter valve for particle separation and multifunctional micro-robots that can be driven by light or magnetic fields [2] - All structures exhibit excellent mechanical stability, relying on strong van der Waals forces for self-support without chemical bonding [2] - This "light flow assembly" technology overcomes traditional 3D printing material limitations and opens doors to multifunctional microsystems, with potential applications in smart drug delivery, in-body micro-surgical robots, and high-density microsensors [2]

Core Insights - The article discusses a new 3D micro-nano manufacturing technology developed by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems and the National University of Singapore, which utilizes light fluid effects to enable the use of various materials for creating micro-robots [1][4] Group 1: Technology Overview - The new technology allows for the use of metals, metal oxides, carbon materials, and semiconductors, moving beyond the traditional polymer limitations of existing methods [1] - This 3D micro-nano manufacturing can create structures finer than human hair, with applications in medical, robotics, and microelectronics fields [1] - The core innovation involves using femtosecond lasers to precisely control light fluid effects, guiding nano or micron-sized particles for 3D self-assembly [1][4] Group 2: Manufacturing Process - The micro-molds function like miniature "cake molds," allowing particles to flow through small openings and accumulate into desired shapes, with high design freedom for complex structures [2] - After assembly, post-processing removes the polymer mold, resulting in independent microstructures made entirely of the target material [2] Group 3: Applications and Future Potential - The research team successfully created various functional micro-devices, including a micro-filter valve for particle separation and multifunctional micro-robots that can be driven by light or magnetic fields [3] - The "light flow assembly" technology overcomes traditional 3D printing material limitations and opens doors to multifunctional microsystems, with potential applications in smart drug delivery, in-body micro-surgical robots, and high-density microsensors [3]

Core Viewpoint - A new technology for 3D micro-nano manufacturing utilizing optical fluid effects has been developed by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Germany and the National University of Singapore, allowing for the use of various materials beyond traditional polymers, thus enabling the creation of micro-robots [1] Group 1 - The new technology is not limited to traditional polymers but can flexibly use metals, metal oxides, carbon materials, and semiconductors [1] - This advancement opens new pathways for manufacturing micro-robots, indicating a significant shift in the capabilities of micro-manufacturing [1] - The research was published in a recent issue of the journal Nature, highlighting its scientific significance [1]