Core Viewpoint - Omar M. Yaghi, a Jordanian-American chemist, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his groundbreaking contributions to the field of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) [3][27]. Background and Early Life - Yaghi was born in 1965 in a Palestinian refugee camp in Amman, Jordan, where he experienced extreme poverty and resource scarcity [8]. - His childhood memories include the weekly water supply day and a fascination with molecular structure diagrams from a chemistry book he discovered at school [9]. - Encouraged by his father, Yaghi moved to the United States at the age of 15, overcoming language barriers and financial hardships to pursue education [11]. Academic Journey - Yaghi pursued a Ph.D. at the University of Illinois, where he became interested in the field of porous materials [14]. - After completing his doctorate, he faced a choice between a high-paying industrial job and an academic position, ultimately choosing the latter for the freedom to explore his research ideas [15]. Breakthrough in MOF Research - In 1995, Yaghi's team made a significant breakthrough by discovering conditions to create a crystal structure that led to the concept of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) [19]. - Despite initial skepticism from the scientific community, Yaghi adhered to his vision, coining the "5% rule" to focus on the minority who supported his work [21]. - The development of MOF-5 in 2003 marked a turning point, demonstrating the potential of MOFs for practical applications, including high surface area and stability [23]. Applications and Impact - Yaghi's research led to the creation of various MOF materials with applications in carbon dioxide capture, hydrogen storage, and water harvesting, addressing global energy and environmental challenges [23]. - His work on MOF-303, which can produce water from air, reflects his childhood experiences with water scarcity [23]. Recognition and Achievements - Yaghi's contributions have been recognized globally, receiving several prestigious awards, including the Albert Einstein World Science Prize and the Wolf Prize in Chemistry [25]. - He has also expanded his research into Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), further broadening the applications of porous materials [25].

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