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Cocoa prices are plunging. Why then is chocolate still so expensive?
The Economic Times· 2025-12-20 09:53
Core Insights - Cocoa futures nearly tripled last year, leading to significant cost increases for manufacturers, who subsequently raised chocolate prices [1][4][12] - The chocolate industry is currently facing high cocoa prices, with expectations for cheaper cocoa to only impact retail prices in the second half of next year [1][9][10] Industry Impact - The surge in cocoa prices has caused distress across the industry, affecting both large packaged food companies and small chocolatiers, with some struggling for survival [4][6] - Lambertz, a historic German confectioner, reported an additional €150 million ($176 million) in annual costs due to high cocoa prices, equating to one-fifth of last year's revenue [6][7] - Many producers are passing costs onto consumers while accepting a loss in sales volume, indicating a challenging market environment [7][10] Market Dynamics - Cocoa prices peaked at nearly $13,000 per ton last year but have since dropped by about 50%, marking the steepest annual decline since 1960 [1][9] - Despite recent price drops, major chocolate manufacturers remain cautious about signaling changes due to ongoing market volatility [9][10] - Analysts have reduced their cocoa surplus expectations, contributing to the current price stabilization around $6,000 per ton [9][10] Supply Chain Challenges - West African cocoa supply remains unstable, with smallholder farmers facing chronic underfunding and lack of resources to adapt to climate change [10] - Barry Callebaut AG's CEO highlighted the long-term structural challenges in cocoa farming, emphasizing the need for investment [10] Product Adjustments - In response to high cocoa prices, companies are altering recipes, such as reducing cocoa content or portion sizes, which may become permanent changes [12][14] - Examples include Milka chocolate bars becoming 10% lighter while prices increased by about 25%, and some UK chocolate bars no longer qualifying as "chocolate" due to ingredient changes [12][14]