Core Insights - CATL is establishing a €4 billion plant in Spain, primarily using a workforce from China to ensure quality and efficiency in battery manufacturing [7][2] - The approach mirrors past practices in the automotive industry, where technology sharing was limited, and local integration took time [4][8] - The battery manufacturing process is complex, and CATL aims to ramp up operations quickly before transitioning to automation and local workforce integration [6][8] Industry Dynamics - The battery industry is experiencing a shift towards vertical integration, where companies that control their supply chains have a competitive edge [11][12] - Current battery technologies focus on chemical innovations rather than mechanical improvements, with a trend towards faster charging capabilities [14][13] - Concerns about raw material shortages are overstated, as supply is not the primary constraint on EV growth; government policy plays a more significant role [15][16] Competitive Landscape - China's dominance in the battery supply chain is significant, controlling various stages from mining to recycling, making it challenging for Western companies to compete [17][18] - The West is attempting to decentralize supply chains but faces difficulties, with China's market share continuing to grow [18] - Joint ventures, like the one between Stellantis and CATL, are essential for sharing costs and risks in the evolving battery market [5]