Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive outlook for cash returns in the Chinese market, with expectations for aggregate dividends and buybacks to reach Rmb3.0tn and Rmb0.6tn respectively in 2025, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 10% and 35% [1][11]. Core Insights - Chinese listed companies are experiencing record-high cash returns, driven by strong policy support and conservative cash return practices, with a significant increase in dividends and buybacks anticipated in the coming years [1][11]. - The report highlights a preference among investors for "Old China" companies that prioritize shareholder returns, with a correlation between cash spending on dividends/buybacks and increased company valuations [2][45]. - There is a growing appetite for cash return strategies among various types of Chinese investors, as these strategies are perceived as offering superior returns compared to bonds in a low-interest rate environment [3][53]. Summary by Sections Cash Returns Growth - Following the "Nine Measures" policy released in April 2024, over 4300 companies recorded Rmb2.7tn in dividends in 2024, with a dividend payout ratio of 39%, up from 37% in 2023 [11][12]. - The expectation for total dividends in 2025 is Rmb3.0tn, supported by high-single digit earnings growth and an increase in payout ratios [11][12]. Buybacks and Financial Incentives - A-share and offshore companies repurchased approximately Rmb160bn and Rmb300bn worth of shares in 2024, marking increases of 56% and 79% year-on-year [20][31]. - The re-lending program for corporate buybacks has seen strong adoption, with over 620 A-share firms announcing credit agreements totaling Rmb133bn [31][25]. Investment Strategies - The GS China Shareholder Returns Portfolio has been refreshed to include 30 GS-Buy rated companies, which are actively returning capital to shareholders [63][64]. - The GS Chinese Prominent 10 portfolio focuses on large-cap companies investing heavily in growth while also providing decent cash returns, appealing to investors seeking a mix of growth and income [64][65]. Sector Analysis - Companies in traditional sectors like Financials and Utilities tend to favor dividends, while those in New Economy sectors like TMT and Healthcare are more inclined towards buybacks [37][46]. - The report categorizes over 6700 Chinese listed companies into "New China" and "Old China," noting differing investor preferences for capital allocation between these groups [46][45].