Core Insights - The article highlights significant advancements in science and technology, showcasing the top 10 news stories from China and globally in 2025, emphasizing the transformative impact of these innovations on society and the future [1] Group 1: Top 10 Sci-Tech News in China - The release of the open-source large model DeepSeek-R1 by Chinese AI startup DeepSeek demonstrates that large models can achieve high performance with limited computational power, shifting the focus from raw computing power to efficiency-driven progress [2] - China's EAST device achieved a world record by maintaining plasma at 100 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds, marking a breakthrough in fusion energy research [3] - The Zuchongzhi 3.0 quantum computer prototype, with 105 readable qubits, solved quantum random circuit sampling problems 10 trillion times faster than current supercomputers, leading in the global quantum computing race [4] - A high-precision, scalable analog matrix computing chip developed by Peking University outperforms current digital processors in energy efficiency and throughput by up to 1,000 times, potentially revolutionizing computing [5] - The first invasive brain-computer interface clinical trial in China enabled subjects to perform tasks shortly after training, positioning China as the second country to reach this phase after the U.S. [6] - Research from the Chang'e-6 mission revealed the evolutionary history of the moon's far side, providing insights into lunar volcanic activity and ancient magnetic fields [7] - A team from Shandong Agricultural University solved a century-old plant science puzzle regarding totipotency in plant cells, opening new avenues for crop genetic improvement [8] - Scientists created large-area two-dimensional metal materials, a world-first, which could lead to advancements in two-dimensional material research [9] - The commissioning of China's first electromagnetic aircraft carrier, Fujian, marks a significant milestone in naval technology, featuring advanced electromagnetic catapults [10] Group 2: Top 10 International Sci-Tech News - The promotion of open-source development by Chinese start-up DeepSeek enhances reasoning in large language models through reinforcement learning [10] - An AI-based tool combined with a brain decoder translates thoughts directly into text without spoken language [10] - Researchers designed enzymes from scratch using RFdiffusion and a machine learning network called PLACER to evaluate protein structures [11] - Photonic computing chips have shown significant improvements in latency and computation time compared to traditional electronic hardware [11] - The NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory released its first images, capturing millions of distant stars and galaxies [12] - An intelligent surgical robot successfully performed a gallbladder removal without human assistance [12] - Google introduced the Quantum Echoes algorithm, demonstrating a verifiable quantum advantage over classical computers [12] - The confirmation of Stephen Hawking's area theorem by gravitational wave GW250114 [12] - The Global Tipping Points Report 2025 warns of the first climate tipping point due to rising temperatures [13] - The release of the first atlas of cross-species mammalian brain cell development provides a detailed map of brain development [13]