Economic Situation & Monetary Policy - The current economic situation is highly unusual due to conflicting inflation and unemployment risks, potentially unprecedented [1][2][3] - Supply shocks push up prices and reduce purchasing power, creating a dilemma for monetary policy [3][4] - The Fed's consensus views tariffs as a one-time price hit, but its impact on inflation expectations is uncertain [4][5][6][7] - There's a risk of losing contact with the 2% inflation target and developing an inflation psychology [9] - The industry believes the Fed needs to be more proactive in demonstrating its commitment to the inflation target, especially given political pressures [10] Tariffs & Inflation - Tariffs lead to a permanent increase in the price of goods, unlike temporary supply shocks [6] - The key concern is whether tariffs will fuel inflation expectations, leading to a wage-price spiral [7] - The long-term inflation impact of tariffs is uncertain, and humility is warranted [8][9] Fed & Politics - It's unprecedented for a member of the administration on leave to be a governor of the Fed [2] - It's unusual for a president to try to remove a Fed member on what many consider a pretext [2] - It's also unusual for a Fed chair to operate when the president has publicly criticized them [2]

Um, I wanted to ask about inflation expectations. Um, you've said the Fed can't take the stability of inflation expectations for granted. Um, you mentioned at the short run they've gone up a little bit.I wonder if you can talk a bit a bit about that. Um, and then also at the long run, I'm wondering do you see evidence that the debate over Fed independence and the growing deficit is putting pressure on inflation expectations. So, as you as you said, um, shorter term inflation expectations have tended to resp ...

Bank of Ghana Governor Johnson Asiama said inflation expectations in the West African nation are heading in the right direction, as policy makers began a three-day policy meeting https://t.co/rouk8GhHl4 ...

Consumer Sentiment - University of Michigan's preliminary September 2025 consumer sentiment index declined to 55.4 [1] - The index decreased by 4.8% month-over-month (MoM) [1] - The index decreased by 21% year-over-year (YoY) [1] Economic Conditions - Current economic conditions fell slightly to 61.2 [1] - Consumer expectations dropped more sharply to 51.8 [1] Inflation Expectations - Year-ahead inflation expectations held at 4.8% [1] - Long-run inflation expectations rose to 3.9% [1]

Fed Policy & Market Reaction - The market interpreted the Fed's communication as dovish, leading to a significant market rally [1] - The market may be overreacting to the possibility of a rate cut as early as September, as more data is forthcoming [2] - A potential rate cut might be a "hawkish cut," implying a small adjustment or a step towards neutral rather than a series of cuts [3] - The circumstances surrounding a rate cut matter to the market, not just the cut itself [4] Economic Indicators & Inflation - A rate cut could signal that the Fed sees only slight economic weakness and no dramatic weakening in consumer sentiment [5] - Labor market weakness seems to be overshadowing concerns about inflation for the Fed [7] - The Fed appears comfortable with inflation running slightly above its target, but may reconsider its strategy if it exceeds a certain comfort range [8] - The Fed is data-dependent, not on autopilot, and structural changes in the market could force a reconsideration of policy [9] Tariffs & Inflation Expectations - New tariffs, such as those on furniture, add complexity and could lead to a series of rolling price increases, potentially influencing inflation expectations [10][11] - If consumers consistently see price increases, they may believe inflation is returning, which should influence the Fed's policy stance [12]

Monetary Policy Stance - The Federal Reserve (Fed) was in a wait-and-see mode regarding the impact of tariffs, but recent data suggests a muted impact, potentially leading to rate cuts [2] - The Fed perceives no signs of tariffs causing inflation expectations to become unanchored, viewing it as a one-off event rather than an ongoing inflationary cycle [3] - The speaker suggests Chair Powell is ready to start moving in September [3] - There was a debate within the committee about the luxury of waiting longer, possibly influenced by the August 1st payroll report [4] Inflation and Tariffs - Data suggests a more muted inflation impulse from tariffs, with some tariffs being negotiated down [5][6] - The initial tariff concerns from April, anticipating widespread increases of 20-30%, have subsided [6] - The slower impact of tariffs over time makes the Fed more comfortable that inflation expectations will remain anchored [7] Inflation Expectations - Inflation expectations are considered crucial in monetary policy, but the right measure is unclear, with options including Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS), consumer surveys, and business surveys [9] - The Fed has wiggle room in choosing which inflation measure to emphasize [10] - Despite past concerns about transitory inflation, people continue to believe the Fed regarding inflation expectations [10][11] Labor Market - Revised data suggests the labor market has been weakening [2][7] - Weakening labor market data supports the idea of bringing rates down [7]

Inflation & Unemployment - ECB Governing Council member Gabriel Makhlouf indicates that inflation expectations in the euro area helped the region avoid large increases in unemployment during a period of strong consumer-price growth [1]

Market Sentiment & Economic Outlook - The market is facing a battle between resilience and complacency as the second quarter ends [1] - Some believe the market is resilient and will continue to rise towards all-time highs [2] - Concerns exist about the removal of buybacks and the end of the 90-day tariff extension [3] - The market may react negatively if the dot plot indicates only one rate cut, while two cuts may already be priced in [12] - The market has pure momentum in basically every sector, with strong appetite for IPOs until the second quarter earnings reports [17][18] Monetary Policy & Federal Reserve - The FOMC meeting is anticipated with uncertainty, especially regarding Chairman Powell's stance [3][4] - Some argue that recent weak data points, such as the largest drop in retail sales since March 2023 and poor home builder sentiment, justify a dovish stance [5] - Michigan consumer one-year inflation expectations have decreased from 73% to 53%, which the Fed may consider significant [6][7] - Uncertainty regarding tariffs and the Middle East conflict may prevent the Fed from adopting a dovish position [8][9] - The Fed's own measure of uncertainty is near pandemic and financial crisis levels, suggesting caution [22][23] - The core PCE went up by 03%, Real GDP went down by 04%, and the funds rate kept unchanged at 39% [21][22] Inflation & Tariffs - Looming tariffs and the conflict in the Middle East create uncertainty regarding future oil prices [8] - Inflation readings have been relatively good recently [8] - Inventories not subject to tariffs are dwindling, potentially leading to higher prices [16] - One company's aluminum costs, previously sourced from China, increased by 50%, leading them to source from the US, but costs are still up 35% year-over-year [14]