Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the DCF industry in China. Core Insights - The DCF industry in China is experiencing a significant transformation driven by the increasing energy consumption and cost structure of intelligent computing centers, necessitating a shift from "equipment stacking" to "cooling-computing synergy" [5][11] - The commercial model of intelligent computing centers is evolving from traditional infrastructure hosting to a full-chain service model encompassing computing power, platforms, models, and applications, catering to diverse customer needs [5][13] - The energy consumption structure of data centers is heavily concentrated in IT equipment and cooling systems, with IT equipment accounting for 67% and cooling systems for 27% of total energy consumption, highlighting the critical role of cooling efficiency in optimizing PUE [12][26] Summary by Sections Overview of Intelligent Computing Centers - The infrastructure of intelligent computing centers is complex, involving multiple systems such as power supply, cooling, and network management, aimed at ensuring high availability and stable operation of computing devices [5][6] - The cost of intelligent computing centers is influenced by various factors including customer demand, technical solutions, redundancy design, scale, location, and equipment selection, leading to significant customization and systemic cost differences [9][10] Energy Consumption and Cost Analysis - The cost structure of intelligent computing centers is characterized by high capital investment and energy consumption, with GPU clusters like H100 representing over 85% of initial investment [11][12] - Annual operational expenditures are approaching 15% of initial costs, with energy consumption, cooling costs, and maintenance becoming dominant factors [12][11] Cooling Technology and PUE Development Trends - The cooling technology in data centers is transitioning from traditional air cooling to liquid cooling, which offers superior energy efficiency and is essential for meeting the PUE control requirements of next-generation intelligent computing centers [14][15] - Liquid cooling technologies are capable of supporting high-density heat loads, making them the mainstream cooling trend for future intelligent computing centers [15] Power Supply System Development Trends - The power supply system in data centers is evolving towards a more intelligent, redundant, and responsive multi-level energy quality collaborative architecture, with UPS systems playing a central role in energy governance and system coupling [16][18] Regional Distribution of Intelligent Computing Centers - The layout of intelligent computing centers in China shows a pattern of concentration in the eastern regions, driven by high demand for computing power and robust infrastructure, while the central and western regions are developing to support resource allocation [19][20] Participants in the Intelligent Computing Center Market - The projects in the intelligent computing center sector are primarily initiated by local governments, while major internet and cloud companies are consolidating computing resources, indicating a dual structure of policy guidance and market concentration [21][22] Data Center Power Demand - The power demand for data centers is expected to grow significantly, with China's core IT load electricity demand projected to exceed 285 TWh by 2026, positioning China as a key player in global power-consumption growth [23][24] Average Annual PUE of Data Centers - The average PUE of global and Chinese data centers is currently stagnating, indicating a need for structural innovation in cooling systems and energy architecture to enhance energy efficiency [25][26]