这几天，第五届世界生物圈保护区大会在杭州举办，全球专家代表齐聚一堂，将目光投向了天目 山。 从零星执法到系统作战，从人工巡护到智能监测，一支跨部门、跨层级的综合执法队伍如何守护这 片生物多样性宝库？记录着10462种生物的天目山，又如何实现精细化保护与规范化执法？杭州市综合 行政执法部门创新推出"一支队伍管执法"模式，为破解自然保护区执法难题提供了宝贵的"临安经验"。 1.跨区管辖与多头管理：曾经的重重挑战 如今的天目山，森林覆盖率高达97.56%，拥有10462种生物物种，是一座名副其实的生态宝库。 然而，这片宝贵的自然资源，曾面临执法保护体系分散的难题。天目山保护区地跨天目山、於潜、 太湖源三个乡镇，监管执法权限分散于多个区级部门及属地政府，原有的粗放型监管模式难以满足精细 化管理与规范化执法的需求。 "过去监管检查存在'真空'和'重复'问题，执法响应也不够及时。"天目山保护区执法中队队长蒋思 波坦言。由于天目山管理局作为保护区管理机构不具备行政执法权，对非法穿越、违规用火等高发问题 往往只能进行劝导，执法效率较低。 2.机制创新：破题之路这样走 去年8月，天目山保护区执法中队正式成立。该中队配备专职执法 ...

科研攻坚结硕果 广东惠东海龟国家级自然保护区全景图 刚孵出的小海龟 在南海之滨，大亚湾与红海湾交汇处的惠东县港口滨海旅游度假区最南端，大星山南麓的涛声里孕育着一个"海龟王国"——广东惠东海龟国家级自然保 护区。这里水质清澈，沙滩细腻，是海龟的天然栖息地，也是我国唯一的国家级海龟自然保护区。 多年来，一支12人的"海龟爸爸"团队扎根于此，在海龟保育、种群恢复与生态保护的道路上步履不停，不仅填补了我国海龟全人工繁育技术空白，累计 繁育新生海龟16000多只，还通过探索生态旅游新模式，带动当地经济创收2亿元。 累计繁育新生海龟16000多只 海龟是国家一级保护动物。近年来，因全球变暖、海洋生态破坏等问题，海龟的生存环境不断恶化。此外，海洋垃圾等问题也在持续威胁海龟生存。 广东惠东海龟国家级自然保护区主要保护的是绿海龟。四十年来，保护区不断完善从繁育到救护的各个环节。据统计，自1985年成立以来，保护区已累 计保护野生海龟上岸产卵745窝，成功孵出稚龟68516只；累计放流海龟65304只（含人工繁殖海龟）。2001年至今，累计救治受伤的野生海龟1126只，其中 835只被成功治愈并放归大海。 在海龟科研攻坚方面，保 ...

Core Viewpoint - The transfer of local administrative responsibilities for the Wolong Special Administrative Region marks a significant step in the management reform of the Giant Panda National Park in Sichuan, China, enhancing ecological protection and social development in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Administrative Changes - The Sichuan Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau officially transferred local administrative responsibilities to Aba Prefecture and Wenchuan County, indicating a shift towards localized governance [1]. - Responsibilities for economic and social development, public services, and social management have been assigned to Wenchuan County, while road management duties have been divided between Aba Prefecture and Wenchuan County [1]. - The core ecological area’s habitat protection will be overseen by the soon-to-be-established Wolong Branch of the Giant Panda National Park [1]. Group 2: Historical Context and Significance - Established in March 1983, the Wolong Special Administrative Region has played a crucial role in ecological protection and livelihood development, covering an area of 2,000 square kilometers and housing over 5,000 residents [1][2]. - The region is recognized as the most complete habitat for wild giant pandas globally, with 149 wild pandas recorded as of last year, reflecting a significant increase since its establishment [2]. - The average annual income of rural residents in the region has increased to over 19,000 yuan, nearly doubling since 1983, showcasing the economic development alongside ecological conservation [2]. Group 3: National Park Integration - The establishment of the Giant Panda National Park in 2021 integrated the Wolong Special Administrative Region, aiming for cross-regional habitat protection and breaking down administrative barriers [2]. - The existing local administrative system was deemed inadequate for current needs, necessitating the transfer of responsibilities to local governance to streamline management processes [2].

Core Insights - The monitoring of migratory birds in the Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve recorded over 30,000 birds of 56 species, an increase of more than 10,000 compared to spring 2024 [1] - The majority of the recorded birds belong to the waterfowl category, including rare and protected species such as the white-naped crane and the black kite [1] - The reserve serves as a crucial ecological stopover for migratory birds along the Northeast Asia-Australia migration route, with a continuous increase in migratory bird populations observed in recent years [1] Summary by Categories Bird Population and Species - A total of 34 genera and 22 families of birds were recorded, with 346 species documented in the reserve, including 85 species of national key protected birds [1] - The increase in bird numbers reflects the ongoing improvement of the ecological environment and the effectiveness of conservation efforts in the reserve [1] Ecological Importance - The Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve is strategically located with rich wetland resources, making it an important hub for migratory birds [1] - The monitoring data indicates that the reserve has become a significant "ecological station" for migratory birds, particularly around mid-April when large numbers begin to arrive [1]

Core Points - The Henan Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve has been successfully included as a member of the "China Biosphere Reserve Network," recognizing its ecological value and the achievements of Xichuan County in ecological protection and green development [1][2] - The China Biosphere Reserve Network, part of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme, aims to promote global biodiversity conservation, ecosystem research, and sustainable development [1] - The reserve covers an area of approximately 64,111 hectares and is rich in biodiversity, serving as an important part of the Danjiangkou Reservoir, which is a key water source for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project [1] Summary by Sections Ecological Achievements - Xichuan County has implemented measures such as water system connectivity, habitat creation, ecological buffer zone construction, and vegetation restoration, completing over 20,000 acres of wetland restoration [2] - A high-standard ecological restoration demonstration area of over 7,000 acres has been established, transforming the wetland from a "single green" to a "colorful beauty" [2] - The reserve has recorded over 2,200 species of vascular plants and more than 500 species of vertebrates, forming a complete wetland ecological chain [2] Bird Species Monitoring - Recent monitoring data over the past three years indicate a continuous increase in bird species within the reserve, including 19 species of national first-class protected birds such as the black stork and the Chinese merganser, as well as over 70 species of second-class protected birds like the gray crane and the bee-eater [2] Future Development Opportunities - Joining the China Biosphere Reserve Network will bring new development opportunities for the Henan Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve, allowing Xichuan County to enhance communication and cooperation with domestic and international reserves [2] - The county aims to learn from advanced experiences to continuously improve protection management levels and contribute to national ecological security [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the ecological significance and economic potential of the Zhanjiang mangrove ecosystem, emphasizing its role in biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and sustainable development through innovative practices like mangrove aquaculture [8][18][60]. Group 1: Ecological Importance - Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve is the largest mangrove reserve in China, covering over 20,000 hectares, which accounts for one-fifth of the national mangrove area [17][18]. - The reserve is home to the critically endangered spoon-billed sandpiper, which is one of the largest wintering grounds for this species [18][19]. - Mangroves serve as natural barriers against natural disasters, purifying seawater and regulating climate by absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide [25][30]. Group 2: Biodiversity and Conservation Efforts - The reserve has recorded 314 bird species, including rare waterfowl, indicating a rich biodiversity supported by the mangrove ecosystem [39][88]. - Since 2019, the reserve has created 5,900 acres of new mangrove forests and has implemented various ecological restoration measures [82][90]. - Zhanjiang has established a four-tier protection system for mangroves, including local regulations and a comprehensive restoration plan for 2021-2025 [90][91]. Group 3: Economic Development and Innovation - The integration of mangrove restoration with aquaculture has led to the development of a new economic model, enhancing local livelihoods while preserving the ecosystem [51][60]. - A pilot project in Zhanjiang has successfully combined mangrove planting with aquaculture over an area of approximately 180 acres, achieving a survival rate of 95% for the planted mangroves [55][56]. - The region has seen a rise in eco-tourism, with over 1 million visitors annually, contributing to local economic growth and promoting awareness of mangrove conservation [99][101]. Group 4: Future Prospects - By 2026, Guangdong aims to establish a monitoring system covering key mangrove areas to enhance protection efforts and promote the province as a leader in mangrove conservation [110][108]. - The establishment of the International Mangrove Center in Shenzhen and various carbon trading initiatives reflect a growing commitment to sustainable mangrove management [106][108].