Core Viewpoint - The research from Westlake University demonstrates the innovative application of ice lithography technology to create the world's smallest "tattoo" on living tardigrades, showcasing the intersection of semiconductor manufacturing techniques and biology [4][10]. Group 1: Research Overview - The study, led by teams from Westlake University, successfully applied ice lithography to directly write micro-nano scale patterns on the surface of living tardigrades [4][8]. - The method involves covering the tardigrade with a nano ice film and using an electron beam to etch specific patterns, which remain visible even after the tardigrade is revived from its dormant state [8][10]. Group 2: Technical Details - Ice lithography allows for the creation of patterns as small as 72 nanometers, with high adhesion stability even after external stresses such as stretching and washing [8][10]. - This technique overcomes traditional micro-nano fabrication challenges, such as shape retention and toxicity, making it compatible with biological systems [8]. Group 3: Potential Applications - The high precision of this method suggests potential applications in biomedical engineering, including microbial sensors, biomimetic devices, and living micro-robots [10]. - The research team is also exploring the possibility of applying this technique to even smaller organisms, such as bacteria, for similar "tattoo" applications [10].