Core Viewpoint - The new export control policy in 2024 marks a new stage of technological protection for the industry, shifting the policy focus from scale expansion to the construction of an innovation ecosystem through collaboration between industry, academia, and research [1]. Policy Evolution and Development Planning - The development of superhard materials in China can be divided into four stages: initiation, growth, accelerated development, and transformation breakthrough. The initiation phase began with the inclusion of superhard materials in the national strategic emerging industries during the "12th Five-Year Plan" in 2012. The growth phase was marked by the clear distinction of superhard materials in "Made in China 2025," which emphasized the need to overcome high-performance diamond and cubic boron nitride (CBN) preparation technologies. The accelerated development phase saw the emergence of "bottleneck" risk awareness from 2018 to 2020, leading to multiple regulations and guidelines that clarified the project's status and encouraged development. Since the "14th Five-Year Plan" in 2021, the industry has entered a transformation breakthrough phase, aiming to overcome high-end production technology challenges with the help of the existing upstream supply chain [2][3]. Differentiated Development Pattern Led by Henan - Henan Province has prioritized the development of the superhard materials industry, implementing policies such as "Six New Breakthroughs in Manufacturing" and "High-end Materials Cluster Construction Action Plan." The province focuses on high-end products like gem-grade and functional diamonds, supporting enterprises in increasing technological innovation and R&D investment. Comprehensive measures, including the establishment of national and provincial innovation platforms, collaboration among leading enterprises, and financial subsidies, are enhancing the overall industry chain cooperation level. Henan aims to transition from "quantity leading" to "quality leading" and "high-end application breakthroughs," solidifying its core position in the superhard materials industry both nationally and globally [5]. Industry Development Goals and Strategies - By 2025, the goal is to form a trillion-level industry chain and establish the world's largest superhard materials R&D and production base, cultivating a national-level industry cluster and striving for an internationally leading industry chain. The industry is expected to upgrade from traditional manufacturing to high-end, intelligent, and green production, promoting vertical extension (from raw materials to end products) and horizontal expansion (cross-industry integration with 5G, chips, medical, and biological fields) [6]. Innovation-Driven Strategy Upgrade - In recent years, Henan has emphasized technological innovation and high-end breakthroughs in the superhard materials industry, focusing on composite superhard materials, high-end diamond products, and polycrystalline diamond composites. The province is increasing policy and financial support, promoting technological breakthroughs and the transformation of results. Additionally, Henan is facilitating deep integration of superhard materials with high-value industries such as chip manufacturing, 5G communication, and biomedical fields, enhancing the innovation ecosystem and strengthening intellectual property protection and standard system construction [7]. Funding-Driven Market Ecosystem Integration - In response to rapid global technological advancements and the trend of high-quality industrial development, Henan's superhard materials industry policy will further deepen towards intelligent manufacturing, digital transformation, and green low-carbon directions. Future focus areas include intelligent equipment and automation production, cross-industry applications of superhard materials in new energy, semiconductors, and healthcare, as well as the promotion of green low-carbon processes. The policy is expected to strongly promote international cooperation and standardization, supporting leading enterprises in participating in international rule-making and integrating into the "Belt and Road" industrial network [9]. Policy Support Trends - The policy content is shifting from broad industry scale support to precise technological breakthroughs and support for high-end segments of the industry chain, emphasizing the construction of an industrial ecosystem. The government-led industry support is gradually integrating market mechanisms, encouraging social capital participation in the construction of the innovation ecosystem. Future policies will highlight the deep integration of intelligent manufacturing, digital transformation, and low-carbon green manufacturing with the superhard materials industry, promoting cross-industry innovation with cutting-edge technologies [10].

转自：前瞻产业研究院 行业主要上市公司：中兵红箭(000519)、黄河旋风(600172)、力量钻石(301071)、惠丰钻石(839725)、国机精 工(002046)、四方达(300179)、沃尔德(688028)等 本文核心观点：2025年全球超硬材料行业呈现"技术双轨竞争、应用多元拓展"的发展格局，纳米孪晶金刚石 和新型超硬化合物研发成为技术制高点，行业正加速向半导体、量子计算等新兴领域转型。 从HPHT突破到纳米孪晶材料的性能跃升 超硬材料的技术发展可追溯至20时间50年代，始于高温高压合成金刚石技术的成功实现。1953年瑞典ASEA 与1954年美国GE相继合成出可控的人造金刚石，开启了超硬材料工业化的先河。随后，1957年立方氮化硼 问世，成为继金刚石后又一重要的超硬材料，因其出色的耐热性和对铁系材料的化学惰性，在切削和磨削领 域得到了广泛的应用。进入1980年代后，化学气相沉积技术的发展推动了金刚石薄膜的低压合成，为电子器 件、热管理与精密加工领域提供了更广泛的材料选择。同时，聚晶、纳米晶等微结构控制手段使金刚石和立 方氮化硼材料性能得到进一步的提升。而近十年来，纳米孪晶结构技术成为突破硬度极 ...