Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Xu Zhuoyun, a prominent Chinese historian, emphasizing his dedication to history and culture, as well as his impact on contemporary society through his writings and teachings [3][21][22]. Group 1: Contributions to Historical Scholarship - Xu Zhuoyun published over 20 books and nearly 200 articles after his retirement in 1999, demonstrating his relentless pursuit of knowledge and sharing it with the public [2][22]. - His works, such as "The Eternal Rivers" and "Talking about China," explore the evolution of Chinese culture and the concept of "China" from a global perspective [7][21]. - He adopted a broad historical view, focusing on social and cultural history rather than just prominent figures, which reflects his belief in the importance of ordinary people's lives [21][22]. Group 2: Personal Philosophy and Legacy - Xu expressed a desire to awaken dreams and rectify misconceptions for the Chinese people, indicating his commitment to cultural and historical consciousness [3][22]. - He encouraged young people to seek meaning in life amidst a fast-paced, individualistic society, advocating for a deeper understanding of history [4][22]. - His metaphor of the "parrot extinguishing fire" illustrates his persistent efforts to contribute positively to society, despite the challenges he faced [21][22]. Group 3: Life Experiences Shaping His Views - Xu's early life experiences, including his physical limitations and observations during wartime, shaped his perspective as a "bystander" in history, leading to a profound understanding of the struggles of ordinary people [12][15]. - His education and mentorship under notable scholars in Taiwan and the United States further refined his historical approach, allowing him to develop a unique perspective on cultural and social changes [16][18]. - Throughout his career, he maintained a focus on the common people's experiences, which became a central theme in his writings and teachings [19][21].