Core Viewpoint - The patent for a "multiplex PCR primer and probe composition and kit" has been published, developed by Jinan University, Guangzhou Cap Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., and Guangdong Cap Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. This invention aims to detect 19 types of alpha gene mutations, including Fusion gene, αααanti3.7, and αααanti4.2, using a two-tube reaction system [1]. Group 1 - The invention provides a multiplex PCR primer and probe composition that allows simultaneous detection of 19 alpha gene mutations under the same reaction conditions [1]. - The composition includes fixed probe sequences on a solid-phase carrier to create a gene chip, facilitating visual detection of the 19 alpha gene mutations and the genotypes of tested samples [1]. - The detection method is characterized by high specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, simplicity of operation, short time consumption, and easy-to-read results, which are beneficial for screening carriers of alpha gene mutations [1]. Group 2 - The invention is particularly relevant for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of alpha thalassemia, providing accurate references for these applications [1].