Core Insights - The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope has captured the clearest images of solar flares to date at H-α wavelength (656.28 nm), marking a significant advancement in solar observation [1][2] - The telescope recorded numerous dark coronal loops during an X1.3-class flare, with an average width of 48.2 kilometers and a minimum width of 21 kilometers, setting a record for the narrowest coronal loops observed [1] - This breakthrough allows scientists to directly study the fundamental processes driving flares, such as magnetic reconnection, which were previously only theorized [1] Group 1 - The Inouye Telescope's observations provide a direct view of coronal loops, which are plasma arcs along solar magnetic field lines, often appearing before flares [1] - The ability to observe these structures at such a fine scale enables researchers to investigate the core mechanisms behind flare occurrences [1][2] - The imagery produced by the telescope is described as stunning, with dark filamentous loops resembling a glowing archway, allowing even non-experts to appreciate the complexity and beauty of solar phenomena [2] Group 2 - The previous theoretical predictions suggested that the width of these loops could range from 10 kilometers to 100 kilometers, but direct observation was hindered by resolution limitations [1] - The Inouye Telescope's capability to capture these details represents a leap forward in solar physics, providing insights that were previously confined to theoretical models [1] - The findings may have implications for understanding solar storms and their potential impact on Earth's critical infrastructure [1]

来源：科技日报 科技日报北京8月26日电（记者 张佳欣）据《天体物理学杂志快报》25日报道，美国国家科学基金会丹 尼尔·井上太阳望远镜首次以H-α波长（656.28纳米）拍摄到迄今最清晰的太阳耀斑图像。同时，望远镜 在一次X1.3级耀斑的衰减阶段记录下大量暗色回路。这些回路平均宽度48.2公里，最细仅21公里，创下 了人类观测到的最窄日冕回路纪录。这一突破让科学家得以窥见太阳日冕回路的基本单元，也把耀斑建 模推进一个全新境界。 在井上望远镜之前，人们只能想象这种尺度图案的景象，现在科学家终于能够直接观测到。这也是井上 望远镜首次捕捉到X级耀斑。 日冕回路是沿太阳磁力线分布的等离子体弧拱，常常出现在耀斑之前。当部分磁力线发生扭曲并断裂 时，会释放出巨大能量，引发太阳风暴并影响地球关键基础设施。此前，理论预测这些回路的宽度可能 在10公里至100公里之间，但由于分辨率限制，长期以来无法得到直接验证。井上望远镜的观测首次揭 示了如此清晰的结构，意味着科学家能在此前仅在理论模型中存在的尺度，直接研究磁重联等驱动耀斑 的基本过程，有望揭示耀斑发生的核心机制。 这些细丝状回路可能就是耀斑的基本构件。如果这一推测成立，意味 ...

Core Insights - The research team from the National Solar Observatory has utilized the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope to capture ultra-clear images of the solar surface, revealing fine magnetic stripe structures that will reshape the understanding of solar magnetic field dynamics [1][2] - These stripe structures will aid in more accurate predictions of solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which impact space weather events on Earth [1] Group 1 - The newly discovered stripe structures are described as "magnetic curtains" that hang at the boundaries of convective cells on the solar surface, which are approximately 1,000 kilometers in diameter [1] - The magnetic curtains exhibit wave-like fluctuations, creating alternating bright and dark stripe patterns that reflect spatial changes in the underlying magnetic field [1][2] - The breakthrough observation was made possible by the high-resolution imaging capabilities of the Visible Broadband Imager (VBI) on the Inouye Solar Telescope, particularly in the G-band, which enhances the features of magnetic active regions [1] Group 2 - The research team conducted a systematic comparison between the observed images and advanced numerical models simulating solar surface physical processes, confirming that the stripe structures reveal weak but significant magnetic field fluctuations [2] - The intensity variation of these magnetic fields is around 100 Gauss, comparable to a typical refrigerator magnet, yet it can cause displacements on the solar surface at the kilometer scale, known as the "Wilson depression" [2] - The findings also provide new insights into the universal behavior of magnetic fields in other cosmic bodies, such as molecular clouds, enhancing the understanding of solar physics challenges like coronal heating and the origins of solar wind [2]