Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant progress made in reducing the incidence of severe birth defects in Beijing over the past decade, emphasizing the importance of prenatal care and nutrition in preventing these defects [1][2][4]. Group 1: Birth Defect Prevention Achievements - The incidence rates of severe birth defects such as neural tube defects, Down syndrome, and limb reduction defects have decreased by 40%, 23%, and 24% respectively over the past ten years [1]. - Nearly 6,000 newborns have been diagnosed and treated through screening and timely intervention [1]. Group 2: Prenatal Care Initiatives - A comprehensive "one-stop" service model for pre-marital and prenatal health checks has been established, significantly increasing the marriage medical check-up rate by nearly eight times since 2014 and achieving a folic acid intake rate of 97.16% [1][2]. - Over 100 maternity institutions have set up prenatal nutrition clinics, leading to a 39.35% reduction in the rate of moderate to severe anemia during pregnancy and a 30.5% decrease in the incidence of macrosomia [2][4]. Group 3: Screening and Diagnosis Improvements - The prenatal screening rate for non-invasive prenatal testing has risen to 98.46%, while the ultrasound screening rate has reached 98.29% [4]. - The prenatal diagnosis rate for severe birth defects has improved to 96.1% [4]. Group 4: Child Health Protection - A new framework for free screening of newborn diseases has been established, screening over 1.8 million newborns and diagnosing nearly 6,000 children in the past decade [4][5]. - The screening rate for children aged 0-6 years has reached 99%, ensuring early diagnosis and treatment [4][5]. Group 5: Comprehensive Prevention Strategies - A holistic service model focusing on congenital heart disease has been implemented, resulting in an 82.77% reduction in infant mortality due to congenital heart disease [5]. - The initiative encompasses all stages of reproduction, emphasizing prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment [5].