Core Viewpoint - The fitness industry in China is experiencing a surge in popularity, but it is plagued by information asymmetry, leading to potential risks for consumers when selecting personal trainers and fitness programs [3][16][30]. Group 1: Industry Overview - The rise of fitness culture is evident, with more individuals engaging in gym activities and outdoor exercises [3]. - There is a significant disparity in the qualifications and capabilities of fitness trainers, which can mislead consumers [4][17]. Group 2: Certification and Training - Many fitness certifications, such as the CBBA (China Bodybuilding Association), have low barriers to entry, allowing individuals to become certified trainers with minimal training [8][9]. - The ease of obtaining certifications raises concerns about the actual expertise and safety provided by trainers [14][25]. - The international certifications (NSCA, ACSM, ACE, NASM) are considered to have higher credibility due to their rigorous examination processes [21][23]. Group 3: Risks and Consumer Awareness - The lack of standardized industry entry requirements hinders the healthy development of the fitness sector, potentially endangering clients, especially those with pre-existing health conditions [25][27]. - Consumers often lack the knowledge to verify the authenticity of trainers' certifications, leading to potential exploitation [23][30]. - The fitness industry relies heavily on information asymmetry, which can result in consumers paying more for inadequate services [16][30].