Core Insights - Perovskite solar cells are recognized as one of the most disruptive technologies in the photovoltaic field over the past decade, but they face significant challenges in efficiency and long-term stability during industrialization [1] Group 1: Research Breakthrough - A research team from Yangzhou University has published important findings in *Nature Communications*, introducing a low-cost surfactant to address the uniformity issues of transport material films in large-scale production of perovskite solar cells [1] - The team identified that the efficiency of small-area laboratory samples has surpassed 26%, but scaling up leads to a decline in efficiency and performance, which is a critical bottleneck for commercialization [1] Group 2: Surfactant Selection - The team selected a cost-effective surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), after extensive experimentation, which significantly improved the spreading behavior of the liquid transport material on solid surfaces [2] - With the addition of CTAB, the transport material formed a smooth and uniform film on the substrate, virtually eliminating aggregation [2] Group 3: Performance and Application - The team successfully fabricated a perovskite solar cell module with an effective area of 22.96 square centimeters, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 22.34%, and maintained over 80% of its initial efficiency after 800 hours of continuous operation, demonstrating excellent stability and engineering applicability [2] - Currently, the team is collaborating with leading photovoltaic companies to advance pilot line verification and accelerate the application of this technology in scenarios such as hundred-watt modules and building-integrated photovoltaics [2]