Core Points - The article discusses the ongoing efforts by various countries, including Egypt and Nigeria, to reclaim cultural artifacts that were looted during colonial times, highlighting the importance of these artifacts in preserving national identity and history [1][10]. Group 1: Japan's Efforts in Repatriation - A Japanese civil organization, the "China Cultural Relics Return Movement Promotion Association," is actively urging the Japanese government to return Chinese artifacts looted during historical conflicts, emphasizing the need for accountability regarding Japan's imperialist past [2][5]. - The association has documented 15,245 rare Chinese artifacts that flowed into Japan from 1895 to 1945, with estimates suggesting that over 3.6 million items were looted during this period [4][6]. - The organization has faced challenges in negotiations with Japanese institutions, receiving repeated refusals for meetings and responses regarding their requests for artifact repatriation [5][6]. Group 2: Egypt's Repatriation Successes - Egypt has successfully reclaimed over 30,000 artifacts since 2014, with recent recoveries including 25 significant items after negotiations with the United States [8][9]. - The process of repatriation involves collaboration with international authorities and legal frameworks, such as the UNESCO 1970 Convention, to facilitate the return of illegally exported cultural property [11]. - Egypt plans to establish a comprehensive database of artifacts and utilize advanced technologies like blockchain to track the provenance of cultural items [9]. Group 3: Nigeria's Cultural Heritage Recovery - Nigeria has been actively pursuing the return of looted artifacts, particularly from the Benin Kingdom, with recent successes in negotiations with Western countries [10][11]. - The Nigerian government collaborates with various agencies to create memorandums of understanding for the repatriation of cultural property, emphasizing the need for compensation for historical injustices [11]. - Civil organizations like "Open Restitution Africa" are playing a crucial role in documenting and advocating for the return of African artifacts, reshaping the narrative around cultural heritage [11].