2025年中央一号文件明确提出推广畜禽活体抵押融资贷款，将畜禽活体农业生产核心转化为金融机 构认可的抵押标的，为推动地方特色养殖产业发展带来全新机遇。宁夏吴忠市地处国际公认的"黄金奶 源带"，现已形成利通区五里坡、吴忠国家农业科技园区、青铜峡市牛首山三大奶牛养殖核心区，奶牛 存栏量30.8万头，占宁夏奶牛存栏量的33%，规模化养殖率达到98%以上，饲草种植、奶牛养殖、乳品 加工、冷链物流、印刷包装等上下游贯通的全产业链综合产值超过300亿元，占地区生产总值的32%左 右，奶产业已发展成为吴忠市"六大"农业重点特色产业之一。 近年来，中国人民银行吴忠市分行坚持聚焦乡村振兴金融服务提升目标，积极探索拓宽农村抵质押 物范围，推动盘活农村活体资产，为乡村振兴特色产业发展破解融资难题。目前，吴忠市开展活体抵押 贷款的银行机构已增至10家，活体抵押贷款余额达到7亿元，支持养殖主体110户，其中奶牛活体抵押贷 款余额6.2亿元。 政策赋能，破解活体抵押困局。随着农业产业现代化步伐加快，吴忠市养殖主体在规模化养殖、智 能化升级、技术研发等领域的资金需求持续扩大。但在传统金融模式下，养殖主体往往缺乏符合标准的 固定资产抵押物， ...

Core Insights - The central government has introduced a policy to promote livestock collateral financing loans, transforming livestock production into recognized collateral for financial institutions, creating new opportunities for local specialty breeding industries [1] - The dairy industry in Wuzhong City, Ningxia, has developed into one of the six key agricultural industries, with a total dairy cattle population of 308,000, accounting for 33% of the region's total, and a comprehensive industrial output exceeding 30 billion yuan, representing about 32% of the local GDP [1] - The People's Bank of China in Wuzhong has been actively exploring ways to broaden the range of rural collateral, facilitating financing for rural specialty industries [2] Group 1: Policy and Financial Mechanisms - A collaborative mechanism involving government departments, commercial banks, and breeding enterprises has been established to support the dairy industry, with several policy documents issued to encourage financial institutions to include livestock as collateral [2] - As of May, the balance of livestock collateral loans in Wuzhong has reached 700 million yuan, supporting 110 breeding entities, with 620 million yuan specifically for dairy cattle [1][2] - The use of agricultural support loans has exceeded 500 million yuan, accounting for 14.8% of the city's total re-loan balance, providing financial support for the dairy industry [2] Group 2: Innovative Financing Models - The People's Bank of China in Wuzhong is promoting a tiered and categorized livestock collateral financing model to meet the diverse funding needs of breeding entities [3] - Various innovative financing models have been introduced, such as "livestock collateral + guarantee," "livestock collateral + credit," and "livestock collateral + syndicate loans," to enhance risk management and meet large financing demands [3] - Several banks have launched specific livestock collateral loan products, effectively converting livestock into financial assets and reducing financing costs for breeding entities [3] Group 3: Risk Management and Supervision - The unique characteristics of livestock collateral, such as regulatory challenges and value volatility, have led to increased risks for financial institutions [4] - A dynamic regulatory system has been implemented to strengthen the supervision of livestock collateral, including unified registration and real-time monitoring mechanisms [4][5] - The introduction of digital identification for livestock and third-party supervision has been established to mitigate risks associated with collateral value depreciation or loss [5]