Core Viewpoint - The article reflects on the legacy of Yang Zhenning, emphasizing his contributions to science and his unique stance on scientific discourse in China, particularly his opposition to the construction of a large particle collider, which sparked significant debate about the direction of scientific investment in the country [3][4][6]. Contributions to Science and Education - Yang Zhenning founded the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University and initiated several academic awards, including the "Qius Prize" and the "Wu Jianxiong Physics Prize" [4]. - He actively taught physics to undergraduate students and contributed to the development of fundamental disciplines such as cold atoms and condensed matter physics [4]. Public Debate on Scientific Investment - Yang publicly opposed the construction of a large particle collider, arguing that the potential costs could exceed a thousand billion yuan, and that China should prioritize pressing social issues like education and healthcare over large-scale scientific projects [5][6]. - His stance led to a rare and high-level public debate within the scientific community, highlighting differing views on the allocation of resources for scientific research [5][8]. Cultural Reflection on Scientific Discourse - The debate initiated by Yang's opposition reflects a broader cultural issue in China regarding the acceptance of dissenting opinions and the tendency to avoid conflict in public discourse [6][9]. - Yang's approach to scientific discussion, characterized by directness and a lack of compromise, contrasts with traditional Chinese values that often prioritize harmony and consensus [6][11]. Legacy and Impact - Yang Zhenning's legacy extends beyond his scientific achievements; he is remembered for promoting a culture of critical thinking and open debate in the scientific community [11]. - His insistence on rational discourse and the importance of diverse opinions is seen as essential for the maturation of China's scientific ecosystem [8][11].