Core Insights - The research conducted by China's National Space Administration and the National Atomic Energy Agency reveals that the temperature of the lunar mantle on the far side of the moon is lower than that on the near side, providing critical scientific data for the study of lunar evolution and its "bipolarity" characteristics [1][10]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study indicates that the crystallization temperature of basalt samples from the Chang'e 6 mission is approximately 1100 degrees Celsius, which is about 100 degrees Celsius lower than the samples from the Chang'e 5 mission on the near side [6]. - The potential temperature of the lunar mantle on the far side is found to be around 1400 degrees Celsius, compared to approximately 1500 degrees Celsius on the near side, indicating a temperature difference of about 70 degrees Celsius [10]. - The research utilized various analytical methods, including mineral composition analysis and rock models, to ensure the scientific validity of the findings [6][10]. Group 2: Scientific Implications - The differences in topography, elemental distribution, and rock characteristics between the near and far sides of the moon are significant, and this phenomenon is referred to as "bipolarity," which is considered one of the key scientific questions in lunar exploration [10]. - The findings deepen the understanding of the lunar "bipolarity" phenomenon and provide geological and geochemical evidence for the temperature differences between the lunar mantles on both sides [10].