Core Insights - The Chang'e 6 mission has successfully returned samples from the Moon's far side, specifically from the South Pole-Aitken Basin, revealing significant geological characteristics of the lunar mantle [1][2][3] Group 1: Scientific Findings - The analysis of the basalt samples indicates a "super-depleted" state of the lunar mantle, characterized by a significant lack of incompatible elements [3][4] - The South Pole-Aitken Basin is the largest and oldest impact crater on the Moon, providing a unique opportunity to study the deep lunar crust and mantle [3][4] Group 2: Theoretical Models - Two models have been proposed to explain the "super-depleted" characteristics: 1. The "primordial depletion" model suggests that the Moon's early magma ocean underwent crystallization, leading to a natural depletion of incompatible elements [4][5] 2. The "post-impact modification" model posits that the massive impact that created the South Pole-Aitken Basin significantly altered the composition of the lunar mantle, resulting in the depletion of volatile elements [5][6] Group 3: Implications for Lunar Research - The findings from the Chang'e 6 mission provide critical evidence for understanding the early layering, cooling, and evolution of the Moon's interior, which is essential for addressing the differences between the Moon's near and far sides [6]

新华社北京7月9日电(记者胡喆、刘祯)7月9日，中国科学院发布嫦娥六号月球样品系列研究成果，四项 重磅研究以封面文章形式发表于国际学术期刊《自然》。这些成果分别揭示了月背岩浆活动、月球古磁 场、月幔水含量、月幔演化特征，首次让人们得以了解月球背面的演化历史，为破解月球"二分性"之谜 提供了关键证据，更刷新了人类对太阳系天体演化的认知框架。 ——发现"撞击化石"。团队在月背发现新型岩石——南极-艾特肯撞击熔岩，吴福元形容："这是巨型撞 击制造的'时间胶囊'，为研究类地天体撞击效应提供了绝佳样本。" "嫦娥六号着陆在月球背面的南极-艾特肯盆地，填补了月球背面演化研究的空白。月球背面最重要的地 质单元就是南极-艾特肯盆地，这种大型撞击到底对月球演化会造成怎样的影响，是月球科学的一级科 学问题。"中国科学院院士李献华表示，这次的系列成果首次系统揭示了南极-艾特肯大型撞击的效应， 这既是本次嫦娥六号研究的核心亮点，也是未来月球科学研究的重要方向。 当前，月球样品研究进入"嫦娥时代"。中国科学院国家天文台研究员李春来表示，中国探月工程的成功 是科学与工程深度融合的典型范例，随着更多"一手数据"获取，中国行星科学将从"跟跑 ...