Core Insights - The research team from Northwest A&F University, in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has successfully created the world's first comprehensive genetic map for wheat resistance to stripe rust, addressing a significant global challenge in wheat disease management [1][2] - This breakthrough provides a "gene navigation" tool for wheat breeding, marking a leading advancement in the field of wheat disease prevention research in China [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The study reveals that the stripe rust pathogen, known as "wheat cancer," produces a new dominant strain approximately every five years, resulting in an annual global wheat yield loss of about 10% [1] - The research team analyzed nearly 47,000 field data samples over five years, establishing a core resource library of "comprehensive resistance sources" that includes 2,191 global wheat germplasm [1] - A total of 431 genetic loci related to wheat resistance to stripe rust were mapped, illustrating the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of resistance genes across global wheat regions [1] Group 2: Gene Validation - Among the 559 candidate genes related to stripe rust resistance, three breakthrough resistance genes were validated for their application value [2] - The Yr5x gene shows significant resistance to currently prevalent new virulent strains, while the Yr6/Pm1 gene enables dual control of stripe rust and powdery mildew, revealing a new mechanism for broad-spectrum disease resistance [2] - The YrKB gene not only provides resistance to both stripe rust and leaf rust but also achieves a synergistic increase in yield, potentially extending the disease resistance lifespan of wheat varieties from the current 3-5 years to over 10 years [2]