Core Viewpoint - The research highlights the identification of two distinct subtypes of antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts (apCAF) that play significant roles in tumor progression and metastasis, emphasizing the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and the potential for targeted therapies [4][8]. Group 1: Identification of apCAF Subtypes - The study identifies two different subtypes of apCAF: mesothelial apCAF (M-apCAF) and fibroblast-like apCAF (F-apCAF) [6][10]. - M-apCAF is located near cancer cells, while F-apCAF is associated with lymphocyte-rich niches [7][10]. - Both apCAF subtypes express high levels of SPP1, which contributes to tumor progression and metastasis [8][10]. Group 2: Research Methodology and Findings - The research utilized single-cell resolution spatial analysis to characterize the spatial niches of the two apCAF subtypes [4][7]. - A comprehensive molecular atlas of fibroblasts across 15 tissue types and solid tumors was constructed to understand the origin and function of apCAF [6][10]. - The findings significantly advance the understanding of apCAF, suggesting future studies should incorporate genetic lineage tracing tools to clarify the developmental trajectories of these subtypes [10].