Core Insights - The research team from Northwest A&F University has successfully completed the chromosome-level genome mapping of two wild strains of wood ear mushrooms from the Qinling Mountains, filling a gap in the genomic research of this species and revealing its evolutionary secrets while uncovering genes with strong health benefits, thus opening new avenues for industrial upgrades [1][3] Group 1: Research Findings - The genome map indicates that the two strains have a genome size exceeding 52 Mbp, with strain M12 containing 12 chromosomes [3] - Evolutionary analysis shows that these strains diverged 4.57 million years ago, and their divergence from the closely related species Auricularia subglabra occurred 33.53 million years ago, confirming the unique evolutionary status of Qinling wood ear mushrooms [3] - Strain M13 carries special gene clusters capable of synthesizing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances, which molecularly elucidates the traditional effects of wood ear mushrooms in lowering blood sugar and cholesterol [3] Group 2: Industrial Implications - The research establishes a pathway for the transformation from basic research to industrial application, providing target genes for the extraction of functional components and the development of health products [3] - By analyzing the lignin metabolic pathway, the study suggests optimization of substrate formulations for mushroom cultivation, leading to upgrades in cultivation technology [3] - The results will support molecular marker-assisted breeding, transitioning the selection of wood ear mushroom strains from empirical methods to precise design, thereby aiding the upgrade of the Zhashui wood ear industry [3]