12月16日将迎来本年度最小残月，届时，月球位于轨道远地点附近，人们看到的月亮像是一弯纤细的银 钩。 细心的公众不难发现，12月5日，也被称为"超级月亮"的本年度第二大满月刚刚出现；而就在年度最小 残月现身后的15天，本年度最大盈凸月也将于31日亮相天宇。缘何在不到30天内，月亮会经历"大小 大"式"变脸"？ 中国科学院紫金山天文台科普主管王科超介绍，太阳、地球、月球的位置不断改变，月相也因此产生变 化。 不同于标志农历月中间时段的满月，残月是月相周期中出现在下弦月后、新月前的月相，它的出现标志 着一个月相周期即将进入尾声。而盈凸月一般在农历十二、十三出现，这一月相位于上弦月后、满月 前，此时月面明亮部分超过半面但未达圆满状态。 "16日出现的残月，可见时段和方位为日出前的东边天空，亮面朝东。从地球望去，月球只有一小部分 被太阳照亮，呈现典型的'C'形。而31日的盈凸月，日落前两三个小时就会从东方天空升起，天黑后悬 于东南方向，看上去尤似一个'鼓胀'的'D'形。"王科超说。 策划：刘阳 记者：王珏玢、邱冰清 海报制作：孙苏皖 新华社国内部、新华社江苏分社联合制作 至于30天内月亮大小频频"反转"，是月相周期与 ...

Core Points - The article discusses the upcoming celestial event where Venus will closely approach the star Xuanyuan 14 on the nights of September 19 and 20, with the closest distance occurring on the morning of the 20th [1][2] - The event will also feature a crescent moon appearing near these two celestial bodies, creating a "double star and moon" phenomenon for public viewing [1][2] Summary by Sections - **Celestial Event Details** - Venus will be visible as the brightest star in the sky, except for the sun and moon, throughout the year until the end of December [1] - On September 19 and 20, Venus will be seen moving from the constellation Cancer to Leo, with the closest angular distance to Xuanyuan 14 being 0.5 degrees, equivalent to the width of a full moon [1] - **Viewing Recommendations** - Public is encouraged to find locations with minimal light pollution, such as rural areas or mountain tops, to observe the event after 4 AM [2] - Venus has a brightness of -3.9 magnitude, making it easily visible, while Xuanyuan 14 has a brightness of 1.4 magnitude [2] - The crescent moon will appear above the stars on the 19th and below them on the 20th, with the moon being more challenging to spot due to its smaller size and lower elevation on the 20th [2]