Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the importance of iodine supplementation in combating iodine deficiency, particularly in Henan province, where 71% of administrative villages are affected by iodine deficiency [1][2]. Group 1: Iodine Deficiency Awareness and Monitoring - The "Water Iodine Map" was created to inform residents about iodine levels in their administrative villages, with over 50,000 villages monitored [2]. - The map categorizes areas into three zones: high iodine (red), adequate iodine (yellow), and iodine deficiency (blue) [2]. - As of now, 36,928 villages are classified as iodine deficient, representing over 70% of the total [2]. Group 2: Iodine Nutrition Status - Iodine is essential for synthesizing thyroid hormones, and its deficiency can severely impact cognitive development and physiological functions [2]. - In 2024, monitoring showed that children and pregnant women in iodine-deficient areas had median urinary iodine levels of 230.4μg/L and 185.0μg/L, indicating sufficient or adequate iodine nutrition [5]. - In high iodine areas, the median urinary iodine levels for children and pregnant women were 298.9μg/L and 231.1μg/L, respectively, also reflecting adequate iodine nutrition [5]. Group 3: Recommendations for Iodine Intake - Residents in iodine-deficient areas are advised to consume iodized salt, while those in high iodine areas should avoid iodized salt and limit high-iodine foods [4]. - The overall qualified iodized salt consumption rate in the province is 84.2%, with some areas still facing issues with iodized salt compliance [4].