Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significance of the traditional Chinese woodworking technique of mortise and tenon (榫卯), showcasing its historical depth, cultural philosophy, and modern applications in creative products [1][3][6]. Group 1: Historical and Cultural Significance - Mortise and tenon is a unique Chinese woodworking method that has been in existence for approximately 7,000 years, originating from the Hemudu culture [3]. - This technique embodies deep cultural and philosophical concepts, particularly the yin-yang philosophy, which is central to ancient Chinese thought [3]. - The craftsmanship involved in mortise and tenon requires high precision, with tolerances as tight as 0.02 millimeters, demonstrating the skill of artisans [3]. Group 2: Modern Applications and Innovations - The technique is being applied in the creation of cultural products, such as the "Human Destiny Community" globe, which is made without nails or glue, using over 60 different mortise and tenon techniques [1][4]. - The production of Wang Erwen toys (鲁班锁 or 孔明锁) showcases the versatility of mortise and tenon, with hundreds of varieties that serve as both educational toys and decorative items [4]. - There is a push to integrate modern technology, such as AI and precision machinery, to enhance production efficiency and appeal to contemporary consumers [5][6]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Directions - The traditional craftsmanship faces challenges in modern markets due to high labor costs and consumer acceptance issues, which hinder the broader adoption of this cultural heritage [5]. - The need for innovative designs that resonate with modern aesthetics and cultural values is emphasized as a way to ensure the survival and relevance of this ancient technique [5][6].