Core Viewpoint - The implementation of two new national ecological environment standards, HJ 1413-2025 and HJ 1414-2025, on August 1, 2025, will standardize the measurement of specific polysaccharides in particulate matter, enhancing the scientific and precise analysis of air quality in China [1][9]. Group 1: Ion Chromatography Method (HJ 1413-2025) - The HJ 1413-2025 standard specifies the technical requirements for measuring left-handed dextran, mannan, and galactan in particulate matter using ion chromatography [2]. - The method involves ultrasonic extraction of the sample, purification through organic and heavy metal purification columns, followed by separation using an ion chromatography column and detection via amperometric detector [2]. - Detection limits for left-handed dextran, mannan, and galactan are 0.09 mg, 0.08 mg, and 0.08 mg respectively, with measurement limits of 0.36 mg, 0.32 mg, and 0.32 mg [3]. Group 2: Derivatization/Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method (HJ 1414-2025) - The HJ 1414-2025 standard utilizes derivatization-GC-MS technology for ultra-trace detection of the same polysaccharides in particulate matter [5]. - The method includes ultrasonic extraction or pressurized fluid extraction, followed by concentration and derivatization with methylsilyl reagent, and detection using GC-MS based on retention time and characteristic ions [5]. - Detection limits for left-handed dextran, mannan, and galactan are significantly lower, at 0.02 mg, 0.01 mg, and 0.007 mg respectively, showcasing a reduction of 1-2 orders of magnitude compared to ion chromatography [7]. Group 3: Technical Collaboration and Environmental Impact - The two standards will enhance monitoring capabilities and support precise air pollution prevention efforts by providing critical data for biomass combustion source analysis [9]. - The unified detection methods will standardize data quality across regions, improving comparability of monitoring results [9]. - The implementation of these standards is expected to contribute to the development of targeted emission reduction policies, aiding in the fight against air pollution [9].