Core Insights - Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is a cutting-edge human-machine interaction technology that enables direct communication between the brain and external devices, allowing for the realization of human intentions through brain wave recognition [1][4]. Group 1: Technological Developments - The Tianjin University neuroengineering team has made significant advancements in non-invasive BCI technology, including the development of the "Shengong" robot, which allows disabled individuals to regain grasping ability through brain signal control [1]. - The "Shengong" series of technologies have various applications, such as non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement, rapid diagnosis of hydrocephalus, objective diagnosis of mental illnesses like depression, and personalized treatment plans for neurological diseases [2][4]. Group 2: Clinical Applications and Future Directions - The establishment of the first comprehensive clinical trial area for BCI in China and the initiation of a multi-center clinical trial for neurocritical care mark significant milestones in the application of BCI technology beyond traditional motor and cognitive function recovery [2]. - The focus for the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" includes systematic research on BCI technology, from foundational chips and electrodes to core algorithms and system integration, aiming to enhance interdisciplinary talent cultivation and contribute to public health [2][3]. Group 3: Challenges in Brain Disease Treatment - The complexity of the human brain and the presence of the blood-brain barrier pose significant challenges for monitoring and treating brain diseases, leading to limited understanding and treatment options [3][4]. - BCI technology offers new avenues for diagnosing and treating brain diseases by enabling precise decoding of neural signals and overcoming the limitations of traditional drug delivery methods [4][5].