Core Viewpoint - The transformation of old diesel locomotives to more efficient and lower-emission power systems is being promoted by the National Railway Administration through new management regulations aimed at ensuring orderly implementation and sustainability in the railway industry [1][2]. Group 1: Management Regulations - The National Railway Administration has drafted the "Management Regulations for the Transformation of Old Diesel Locomotive Power Systems" to facilitate the green and low-carbon transition of railway locomotives [1]. - The regulations aim to replace fossil fuel power systems with "diesel engine + power battery systems," "power battery systems," and "hydrogen fuel cell systems + power battery systems," which are expected to provide better energy efficiency and emission levels [1][2]. Group 2: Implementation Guidelines - The regulations specify that only old diesel locomotives in good operational condition and with transformation value can be modified, with a maximum operational age of 20 years for the original locomotives [2]. - Owners of the locomotives are required to enhance the safety management of power batteries and establish ground support facilities for charging and hydrogen refueling according to national standards [2].