"黄金材料"聚酰亚胺，赋能先进制造产业发展 汉鼎智库咨询 2026-01-30 聚酰亚胺（PI）是一类以酰亚胺环为核心结构的高性能芳香族高分子材料， 具有耐高温、耐化学腐蚀、高强度、高绝缘、耐辐射等优异综合性能，被称为"黄 金塑料"。作为先进制造领域的关键基础材料，聚酰亚胺凭借其不可替代的性能 优势，成为连接基础材料与高端装备、支撑航空航天、电子信息等战略性新兴产 业发展的重要桥梁。从高端电子元器件封装到航空航天结构件，从新能源装备绝 缘到高端防护材料，聚酰亚胺正从特定高端场景的小众应用，升级为赋能多领域 先进制造升级的核心材料，在全球新材料产业变革的浪潮中，开启规模化、高端 化发展的全新阶段。 高端消防防护服装及特种电缆增强芯，尤其在 200℃以上长期工作环境中展现出 远超传统纤维的性能优势。 聚酰亚胺按产品形态与技术特性可分为四大主流产品体系，各类产品性能互 补、适配场景差异化显著，形成多元协同发展的产业格局： （1）聚酰亚胺薄膜：以双向拉伸薄膜为核心产品形态，具备超薄、耐高温、 高绝缘、低介电损耗的特点，核心技术聚焦均苯二酐/二胺单体合成纯度控制、 溶液流延成型工艺优化及热亚胺化精准调控。广泛应用于电子 ...

Core Viewpoint - The high-performance fiber industry is crucial for national defense, aerospace, and emerging strategic industries, with significant growth potential in China due to government support and technological advancements [1]. Group 1: Carbon Fiber - Carbon fiber, with over 90% carbon content, is essential for aerospace and military applications, with usage in military aircraft ranging from 30% to 65% [2]. - In 2020, global carbon fiber demand was 10.6 kilotons, while China's operational capacity was approximately 3.6 kilotons, with an actual production of about 1.8 kilotons, ranking second globally [2]. Group 2: Aramid Fiber - Para-aramid fiber, developed by DuPont, dominates the market with a significant share, while China is emerging as a new market with a growth rate of around 10% [4][27]. - The global para-aramid fiber capacity was 83.7 kilotons in 2020, expected to reach 94.6 kilotons by 2022, with major production concentrated in DuPont, Teijin, and KOLON [4]. Group 3: Other High-Performance Fibers - Meta-aramid fiber, primarily produced by DuPont, accounted for over 50% of global usage in 2017, with a market size of 6.3 billion yuan in 2020, projected to grow to 10.3 billion yuan by 2026 [6]. - UHMWPE fiber, with a global production capacity of approximately 80 kilotons in 2020, is increasingly used in ballistic protection, with 45% of its total production dedicated to this application [9]. - Polyimide fiber is widely used in high-temperature protective clothing, with significant demand in various industries, including metallurgy and nuclear energy [11]. - PPS fiber, with a global market dominated by Japanese companies, has seen advancements in production technology, enhancing its competitive edge in high-temperature filtration applications [13][38]. Group 4: International Development Trends - The U.S., Japan, and Europe hold a significant advantage in high-performance fiber technology, with the U.S. leading in viscose-based carbon fiber and aramid fibers [24][25]. - The global market for high-performance fibers is characterized by oligopolistic competition, with major players like DuPont and Teijin maintaining a dominant position [4][27].