Group 1 - The article highlights the growing importance of ruthenium oxide (RuO₂) in the recycling industry, particularly in Zibo, where overlooked industrial waste is becoming a new opportunity for precious metal recovery [1][2] - Ruthenium oxide is recognized for its high electrical conductivity and chemical stability, making it widely used in various industries such as electronic ceramics, titanium anode coatings, glass coloring agents, and military composite materials [4][5] - Zibo's industrial chain aligns well with the applications of ruthenium oxide, leading to significant amounts of ruthenium-containing waste entering recycling channels annually [5] Group 2 - Typical sources of ruthenium waste in Zibo include retired anode plates from electrode factories and residual materials from glass manufacturing and catalysts, with the metal value per ton often reaching tens of thousands of yuan [9] - The recovery process of ruthenium oxide involves precise analysis and specialized metallurgy techniques, including sample testing, chemical dissolution, reduction precipitation, and final product regeneration [9] - As of August 2025, the recovery prices for ruthenium oxide in Zibo vary based on the ruthenium content, with prices ranging from 80 to 150 yuan per gram depending on the material form and purity [9] Group 3 - Several industrial enterprises in Zibo are profiting from the ruthenium business, with examples including an electronic ceramics factory earning over 100,000 yuan quarterly from waste recovery and intermediaries making substantial profits by connecting electrode factories with recycling companies [10]