Core Viewpoint - The Mid-Autumn Festival's emergence is a result of various factors, including the transformation of the Qianqiu Festival, ancient moon appreciation traditions, Daoist beliefs in longevity, and the influence of customs from foreign regions [2][10]. Historical Context - The term "Mid-Autumn" appears early in historical texts, but the festival itself did not become part of Chinese traditional festivals until later, with no records of it before the Tang Dynasty [1][10]. - The Qianqiu Festival, which celebrated Emperor Xuanzong's birthday, played a significant role in the development of the Mid-Autumn Festival, particularly through the tradition of exchanging gold mirrors shaped like the moon [3][10]. Cultural Practices - Prior to the establishment of the Mid-Autumn Festival, moon appreciation was a common theme among Chinese literati, with poetry and literature reflecting this tradition throughout the year [4][10]. - The focus on moon appreciation shifted to the Mid-Autumn Festival, particularly on the night of August 15, as it was considered the time when the moon was fullest [4][10]. Daoist Influence - The moon holds a special place in Daoist beliefs, symbolizing the celestial realm and immortality, which influenced both emperors and the general populace's desire for longevity and harmony [6][10]. Societal Changes - The transition from celebrating the Qianqiu Festival to the Mid-Autumn Festival was influenced by societal needs for reunion and harmony, especially following the An Lushan Rebellion, which heightened the desire for family gatherings [7][10]. Regional Influences - Customs from the Korean Peninsula and the Western Regions contributed to the formation of the Mid-Autumn Festival, with records indicating that Silla (New Korea) celebrated the day with feasting and archery [8][9][10]. Final Formation - The Mid-Autumn Festival was fully established during the Song Dynasty, characterized by various celebrations, including moon viewing and family reunions, which became integral to the festival's identity [10][11].