Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the efforts in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia to enhance water resource management and agricultural productivity through modernization and technology adoption. Group 1: Water Resource Management - The Hetao Irrigation District has an average annual water intake of nearly 5 billion cubic meters from the Yellow River, but faces significant water resource challenges due to its arid climate, with an average annual precipitation of about 150 mm and evaporation of approximately 2200 mm [1] - The district has implemented a water rights transfer project, which includes the lining of 142.16 kilometers of national-managed channels, increasing annual water supply capacity by 140 million cubic meters and reducing irrigation days from 150 to around 130 [2] - The district has established 358 water cooperatives to optimize water usage, transitioning from a flat-rate system to a per-acre billing system, resulting in a cost reduction of about 25% for farmers [4] Group 2: Technological Advancements - The irrigation system has undergone significant upgrades, including the installation of sensors and an information network that allows real-time monitoring of water levels and flow, enhancing the precision of water usage [3] - New irrigation technologies, such as a filtration system for Yellow River water, have been introduced, which can save 30% in water, fertilizer, and pesticide usage [5] - The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water has improved to 0.53 by 2024 due to the promotion of new technologies, with smart irrigation systems allowing for a 40% reduction in water and 35% in fertilizer compared to traditional methods [6]