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诺奖得主豪伊特:教育、金融与竞争政策是创新驱动增长的关键
21世纪经济报道· 2026-01-27 06:08
Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that artificial intelligence (AI) is a highly debated and transformative technology that is reshaping investment decisions and industry dynamics, with significant capital inflows and varying opinions on its long-term impact on productivity and economic growth [1][3]. - The current AI wave is compared to historical technological revolutions, suggesting that while there is a real technological foundation, many investments may not succeed, leading to a "shakeout" period where only a few projects will achieve substantial success [4][3]. - The article discusses the potential for new companies to challenge established giants in the AI space, highlighting the flexibility of the U.S. financial system that allows emerging firms like OpenAI to compete effectively [3][4]. Group 2 - The importance of adaptability and creativity in education is emphasized, as the rapid changes in the economic environment necessitate a workforce that can learn and think independently, rather than relying solely on AI [8][9]. - The article identifies key conditions for successful innovation-driven growth in emerging economies, including a focus on creativity in education, a flexible financial system willing to invest in risk, and strong competition policies to support smaller, innovative firms [9][10]. - The outlook for global economic growth and productivity is generally optimistic, driven by the potential of AI and advancements in clean energy, despite concerns about job displacement [11].