Core Insights - The development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs for monkeypox has made significant progress, with new derivatives showing stronger efficacy than existing treatments [1][4][5] - The urgency for effective treatments for monkeypox is highlighted by the recent termination of clinical trials for tecovirimat due to its ineffectiveness in improving key symptoms [2][3] Group 1: Research and Development - The National Center for Infectious Diseases and the Guangzhou National Laboratory's Shanghai base have published research on new antiviral compounds that inhibit orthopoxviruses and human adenoviruses more effectively than brincidofovir [1][4] - The new drug candidates, including ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate, exhibit approximately 40 times greater potency against monkeypox virus compared to existing treatments [4][5] Group 2: Current Situation and Challenges - Monkeypox, caused by the monkeypox virus, poses a serious global health threat, with over 127,905 confirmed cases and 283 deaths reported worldwide as of February 2025 [3] - The lack of specific antiviral treatments for monkeypox necessitates the development of new therapeutic options, as current management primarily involves symptomatic treatment [2][3] Group 3: Public Health Implications - The transmission characteristics of monkeypox, primarily through contact, suggest that its infectiousness is lower than respiratory viruses like COVID-19, but public health measures remain crucial [5][6] - The ongoing threat of infectious diseases underscores the need for robust clinical research and effective public health strategies to combat both traditional and emerging infectious diseases [6][7]