Core Insights - The U.S. Federal Reserve has cut the federal funds rate by 25 basis points for the second time this year, providing fixed income investors with opportunities to adjust their portfolios [1] - The Fed has communicated its interest rate decisions clearly, leading markets to anticipate the rate cut, while acknowledging moderate economic expansion and elevated inflation [2][3] Economic Indicators - Economic activity is expanding at a moderate pace, with job gains slowing and a slight increase in the unemployment rate, which remains low [3] - Inflation has risen since earlier this year and remains somewhat elevated, prompting speculation about further rate cuts before 2026 [3] Investment Strategies - Investors are encouraged to consider repositioning fixed income portfolios in light of the current rate environment, with Vanguard offering various bond ETF options [4][5] - Vanguard's intermediate bond ETFs, such as BIV, VGIT, and VCIT, feature low expense ratios, making them attractive for investors [6][9] Active Management Options - Vanguard offers nine actively managed fixed income funds that can adapt to changing interest rates, allowing investors to avoid the stress of rate fluctuations [7] - For maximizing income in a declining rate environment, options like the Vanguard Core-Plus Bond ETF (VPLS) and the Vanguard High-Yield Active ETF (VGHY) are recommended [8]