Core Insights - The European Space Agency (ESA) successfully launched two satellites under the HydroGNSS mission from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, utilizing SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket [1][2] - HydroGNSS aims to provide critical hydrological data, including soil moisture, freeze-thaw status in permafrost regions, surface water conditions, and above-ground biomass [1][2] Group 1: Mission Objectives - The mission focuses on enhancing understanding of the Earth's water cycle, improving agricultural planning, and aiding in flood prediction [2] - It also aims to deepen insights into wetland dynamics, permafrost changes, and forest carbon storage [2] Group 2: Technology and Methodology - HydroGNSS employs Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reflection measurement technology to detect water sources accurately [1] - The satellites will compare reflected signals from the Earth's surface with direct signals from navigation satellites to gather scientific data related to the water cycle [1]