Group 1 - The "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" innovation cluster has achieved the top position in the 2025 Global Innovation Index, highlighting the innovation and wealth creation capabilities of Guangdong and the Greater Bay Area [6][10][12] - The ranking is based on three core indicators: international patent applications, scientific publications, and new venture capital transactions, with the "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" cluster showing significant improvements in these areas [10][12] - Shenzhen leads in patent applications, with 241,900 patents authorized in 2024, and a PCT international patent application volume of 16,300, maintaining its position as the top city in China for 21 consecutive years [14][15][17] Group 2 - Hong Kong is rapidly enhancing its educational and research capabilities, with five universities ranked among the global top 100 and significant government funding for key laboratories [20][22][25] - Guangzhou has shown remarkable growth in scientific research, with a significant increase in PCT international patent applications and R&D funding surpassing 100 billion yuan for the first time in 2024 [29][31] - The overall innovation ecosystem in Guangdong is supported by strong manufacturing and fiscal capabilities, with advanced manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing accounting for 56.7% and 31.6% of industrial output, respectively [39][40][42] Group 3 - Guangdong's fiscal strength is evident, with a public budget revenue of approximately 1.353 trillion yuan in 2024, significantly higher than other provinces, indicating a robust economic foundation [42][44] - The region's low debt ratio and strong financial health position it favorably compared to other provinces, ensuring sustainable economic growth and innovation [42][44] - The "Matthew Effect" suggests that Guangdong and the Greater Bay Area will continue to attract talent, capital, technology, and industrial chains, reinforcing their leading position in innovation [44]