Core Points - The article discusses the increasing complexity of managing personal information across various internet accounts and the emergence of new standards like Passkey to simplify registration and login processes [1][3] - It highlights the dual nature of third-party account authorization, such as OAuth 2.0, which simplifies user registration but also raises privacy concerns [3][4] - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding and managing authorized logins to protect personal information [4][32] Group 1: Third-Party Authorization Systems - OAuth 2.0 has been widely adopted since its inception in 2006, facilitating services like "Sign in with Apple" and "Sign in with Google" [3][4] - Apple has actively promoted privacy protection through its "Sign in with Apple" feature, which allows users to manage their authorizations transparently [4][5] - Google offers a similar service with "Sign in with Google," providing users with options to manage their authorized apps and services [7][8] Group 2: Privacy Management by Major Companies - Microsoft provides a straightforward management interface for its account authorizations, although its usage scenarios are less extensive compared to Apple and Google [10][11] - Meta (formerly Facebook) maintains a significant presence in social media, allowing users to manage third-party authorizations through its app and website [12][13] - Domestic platforms like QQ and WeChat offer relatively transparent management of third-party authorizations, though the process may not be as user-friendly as that of Apple or Google [14][15] Group 3: Challenges in Authorization Management - WeChat's approach to managing authorizations for mini-programs is less clear, making it difficult for users to manage their data effectively [15][16] - Alipay provides a more intuitive management system for third-party app authorizations compared to WeChat, but still lacks bulk management options [18][20] - Sina Weibo presents significant challenges in managing third-party authorizations, with users unable to view or revoke their authorizations easily [20][22] Group 4: Regulatory Developments - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) in China has introduced services like "One Certificate to Check 2.0," allowing users to query the number of internet accounts linked to their phone numbers [32][35] - The "Second Number Renewal" service aims to enhance personal information security by allowing users to unlink accounts associated with previous phone numbers [35]