Core Viewpoint - Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by growth arrest, impacting various aspects from embryonic development to aging and diseases. Senescent cells accumulate over time, leading to chronic inflammation through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can promote tumor growth and metastasis despite initially acting as a barrier to tumor development. Combining chemotherapy with senolytic drugs that selectively clear senescent cells may reduce tumor resistance and recurrence [2][6]. Group 1 - Senolytic drugs have been identified with various targets, but issues such as narrow therapeutic range, off-target toxicity, low efficacy, and limited bioavailability remain [2][6]. - The study published in Nature Aging reveals the anti-aging properties of Sticholysin I (StnI), showing its ability to effectively and specifically kill senescent cells and work synergistically with chemotherapy to induce tumor regression in mice [3][8]. Group 2 - StnI, a pore-forming toxin isolated from Caribbean anemones, binds with high affinity to specific lipids on the target cell membrane, leading to the formation of transmembrane pores that disrupt membrane integrity and cause cell death [6][7]. - The mechanism of StnIG involves the influx of sodium and calcium ions and the efflux of potassium ions, triggering a lethal cascade that results in cell death, particularly effective against senescent cells due to their membrane characteristics [7][8].