Core Insights - The article discusses the initiation of a Phase 2 study evaluating the combination of opaganib and darolutamide in patients with advanced prostate cancer, sponsored by ANZUP and supported by Bayer and Ramsay Hospital Research Foundation [1][2] - Prostate cancer is a significant global health issue, with approximately 1.5 million new cases and nearly 400,000 deaths annually, representing a market worth around $12 billion [1][5] Study Overview - The Phase 2 study will involve 60 participants and is designed to assess the efficacy of opaganib in overcoming resistance to standard androgen receptor pathway inhibitors [2][3] - The study will utilize the PCPro lipid biomarker test to identify patients with poor prognosis who may benefit from the treatment combination [3][5] - The primary endpoint of the study is to improve 12-month radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), with several secondary and exploratory endpoints also being evaluated [3] Prostate Cancer Context - Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer globally, with a significant increase in cases, nearly 120% from 1990 to 2019 [6] - The survival rates for prostate cancer vary significantly by stage, with a 100% five-year survival rate for Stage 1, dropping to 28% for Stage 4 [7] Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitors (ARPI) - ARPI is a key therapeutic strategy for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer, targeting male hormones that promote cancer cell growth [8] - Darolutamide is one of the key therapeutic options in this category, alongside enzalutamide and apalutamide [8] Opaganib Profile - Opaganib is an investigational drug with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, targeting multiple indications including various cancers [9][10] - The drug works by inhibiting multiple pathways and has shown potential in enhancing the efficacy of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors [4][10] Company Background - RedHill Biopharma is focused on developing and commercializing drugs for gastrointestinal diseases, infectious diseases, and oncology, with opaganib being a key part of its late-stage development programs [18]