Core Viewpoint - USB Power Delivery (USB PD) is an advanced fast charging standard that supports various power transmissions through USB connections, evolving from the original USB standard introduced in the late 1990s [1] USB PD Specifications - The latest version of USB PD is 3.2, which includes new branding and terminology, allowing devices to report their power capabilities [3] - USB PD 3.1, released in 2021, introduced Extended Power Range (EPR) and can deliver up to 240W of power, accommodating high-performance devices [12][13] USB PD Versions Overview - **USB PD 1.0**: Launched in 2012, it had five power modes with a maximum of 20V and was primarily used for basic charging needs [7] - **USB PD 2.0**: Introduced USB-C and expanded power options, allowing for up to 100W of power delivery, significantly impacting the market by reducing the need for proprietary chargers [9] - **USB PD 3.0**: Added Programmable Power Supply (PPS) for more efficient charging, maintaining a 100W limit while improving charging speed and reducing heat [11] - **USB PD 3.1**: Enhanced capabilities with EPR, allowing for higher voltage options (28V, 36V, 48V) and a maximum output of 240W, suitable for high-performance laptops and devices [13] Key Features - Smart power negotiation allows devices and chargers to communicate and determine appropriate power needs without user intervention [3] - AVS (Adjustable Voltage Supply) and EPR work together in USB PD 3.1 to provide higher voltage and power, achieving up to 240W when using compatible cables [5][13] - The introduction of GaN (Gallium Nitride) semiconductors in USB PD 3.1 devices enhances efficiency and reduces size compared to traditional silicon semiconductors [13]