UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, DC 20549 FORM 10-Q (Mark One) ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________________ to __________________ Commission File Number: 001-41008 IO Biotech, Inc. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) Delaware 87-09 ...

Core Insights - IO Biotech reported significant advancements in its cancer therapy pipeline, particularly with the Phase 3 trial results for Cylembio, an immune-modulatory cancer vaccine for advanced melanoma [2][6][7] - The company plans to engage with the FDA regarding the trial results and potential submission of a Biologics License Application (BLA) [2][6] Recent Business Highlights - The company achieved clinical improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in the Phase 3 trial of Cylembio combined with KEYTRUDA, although statistical significance was narrowly missed [6][7] - IO Biotech ended Q2 2025 with approximately $28.1 million in cash and cash equivalents, expecting this to fund operations into Q1 2026 [6][12] - Upcoming presentations at the Morgan Stanley Global Healthcare Conference and H.C. Wainwright Global Investment Conference are scheduled for September 2025 [6][7] Financial Results - For Q2 2025, IO Biotech reported a net loss of $26.2 million, compared to a net loss of $20.7 million in Q2 2024 [5][12] - Research and development expenses increased to $16.7 million in Q2 2025 from $15.8 million in Q2 2024, while general and administrative expenses rose to $6.5 million from $5.7 million in the same period [12][20] - The total comprehensive loss for Q2 2025 was $26.4 million, compared to $20.8 million in Q2 2024 [20] Clinical Trials Overview - The pivotal Phase 3 trial (IOB-013/KN-D18) enrolled 407 patients and evaluated Cylembio in combination with KEYTRUDA against KEYTRUDA alone for advanced melanoma [10][11] - The company is also conducting two Phase 2 trials: IOB-022/KN-D38 for advanced solid tumors and IOB-032/PN-E40 for resectable squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma [11][13] - Initial data from the ongoing Phase 2 trials is expected in the second half of 2025 [7][10] Company Background - IO Biotech is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing immune-modulatory, off-the-shelf therapeutic cancer vaccines based on its T-win platform [14] - The company is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, with a US office in New York [14]

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Summary of IO Biotech Conference Call Company and Industry - **Company**: IO Biotech - **Industry**: Biotechnology, specifically focused on cancer treatment and immunotherapy Key Points and Arguments 1. **Phase Three Trial Results**: The conference call discussed the top line results of the phase three pivotal trial of CELMBIA, which showed clinical improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) when combined with pembrolizumab for advanced melanoma patients [3][6][22] 2. **Statistical Significance**: The trial achieved a median PFS of 19.4 months for the combination therapy versus 11.0 months for the control, with a hazard ratio of 0.77 and a p-value of 0.056, narrowly missing the threshold for statistical significance [7][22] 3. **Subgroup Analysis**: Improvement in PFS was observed across virtually all pre-specified subgroups, including those with poor prognostic factors like PD-L1 negative and BRAF mutant patients [24][30] 4. **Unmet Medical Need**: There is a significant unmet need in the first-line advanced melanoma setting, with 50% of patients progressing within one year of treatment [9][12] 5. **FDA Submission Plans**: IO Biotech plans to discuss the path forward with the FDA in the fall and aims to submit a Biologics License Application (BLA) by the end of the year [8][18][36] 6. **Safety Profile**: The combination therapy was well tolerated, with no new safety signals observed, and injection site reactions were the most common local side effects [27][28] 7. **Market Opportunity**: The company sees a strong market opportunity for CELMBIA, especially given the high unmet need and the favorable safety profile compared to existing therapies [33][60] Additional Important Content 1. **Mechanism of Action**: The T1 technology platform used in CELMBIA activates T cells to target both tumor cells and immune suppressive cells, enhancing the immune response against cancer [16][17] 2. **Future Trials**: IO Biotech is also testing CELMBIA in other indications and earlier stages of cancer, indicating a broader application of their technology [18][19] 3. **Cash Position**: The company ended the quarter with over $28 million in cash, which is expected to cover several important milestones, including the potential BLA submission [35][36] 4. **Regulatory Engagement**: IO Biotech has had multiple meetings with the FDA and has received breakthrough designation, indicating a positive regulatory outlook [72][78] 5. **Competitive Landscape**: The combination therapy is positioned favorably against existing treatments, with a focus on ease of administration and reduced toxicity [60][61] This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call, highlighting the company's advancements, statistical findings, and strategic plans moving forward in the biotechnology sector.

(OBIOTECH Breaking Boundaries. Igniting Change. (O Agenda for Today's Call | Topic | Speaker | | --- | --- | | Introduction | Mai-Britt Zocca, Ph.D., chief executive officer | | Cylembio Phase 3 Data | Qasim Ahmad, M.D., chief medical officer | | First-line Advanced Melanoma Treatment Landscape | Omid Hamid, MD, Director, Clinical Research and | | | Immunotherapy at The Angeles Clinic and Research | | | Institute, A Cedars Sinai Affiliate | | Company Milestones | Amy Sullivan, chief financial officer | (0 I ...

Core Insights - IO Biotech will hold a conference call and webcast on August 11, 2025, to disclose topline results from the pivotal Phase 3 trial of its cancer vaccine Cylembio [1][2] - Cylembio is being tested in combination with pembrolizumab for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma [1][3] - The company is advancing its lead candidate Cylembio and has received Breakthrough Therapy Designation from the FDA for another candidate in combination with KEYTRUDA [3] Company Overview - IO Biotech is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing immune-modulatory, off-the-shelf therapeutic cancer vaccines using its T-win® platform [3] - The T-win platform aims to activate T cells to target tumor cells and immune-suppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment [3] - The company is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, with a US office in New York [3]

Cylembio (IO102-IO103) Development and Clinical Trials - Cylembio, in combination with pembrolizumab, has Breakthrough Therapy Designation for advanced melanoma[11, 12] - Phase 3 pivotal trial in advanced melanoma with PFS as the primary endpoint, readout expected in Q3 2025[12, 23, 27] - Phase 1/2 trial (MM1636) showed 80% ORR, 50% CRR, and 255 months mPFS in melanoma[13, 55] - Completed enrollment of 407 patients in the Phase 3 trial in December 2023[27, 55] - A Phase 2 neoadjuvant/adjuvant basket study is fully enrolled[57] Pipeline and Platform - T-win platform delivers investigational, immune-modulatory, off-the-shelf therapeutic cancer vaccines[11, 35, 66] - The company has 3 pipeline programs, including IO170 targeting Melanoma, SCCHN, NSCLC, and other cancers[11, 35] - IO112, targeting Arginase 1, is a next pipeline candidate expected to enter clinical development, with an IND filing planned in 2025[35, 63, 64] Market and Financial Outlook - The global melanoma market is expected to reach >$13 billion by 2030[15] - The US melanoma market was approximately $45 billion in 2023, growing at 9%[32] - The global NSCLC market is expected to reach approximately $60 billion by 2030[36, 37] - The global SCCHN market is expected to reach approximately $5 billion by 2030[40]

Summary of IO Biotech (IOBT) Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: IO Biotech - **Lead Product**: Silenbio (US brand name for IO102, IO103) - **Technology Platform**: TWAN technology platform, focusing on cancer vaccines Core Industry Insights - **Cancer Treatment Focus**: The company is targeting unmet medical needs in cancer treatment, specifically in melanoma, lung, and head and neck cancers - **Market Growth**: - Melanoma market projected to grow to $30 billion by 2030, with a 9% annual growth rate [12] - Lung cancer market projected to reach $60 billion by 2030, with a 10% annual growth rate [23] - Head and neck cancer market expected to grow to $5 billion by 2030, with a 6% annual growth rate [24] Key Product Insights - **Efficacy Data**: - Phase I/II trial showed an 80% overall response rate and a 25.5-month median progression-free survival (PFS) [9] - Phase III trial data expected in Q3 2025, with potential for a Biologics License Application (BLA) filing by the end of 2025 [10] - **Safety Profile**: The product candidates have shown a clear safety profile, allowing patients to remain on treatment longer [5][16] Pipeline Development - **Current Trials**: - Phase III trial with 407 patients randomized to receive either pembrolizumab alone or in combination with IO102 and IO103 [15] - Two Phase II basket trials in first-line solid tumors and perioperative settings [19] - **Future Targets**: - IO112 targeting arginase and IO170 targeting TGF beta are in development, with potential applications in harder-to-treat cancers [21] Market Positioning - **Unmet Needs**: - 50% of melanoma patients do not respond to current standard of care, and 50% of responders experience adverse events [13] - The company aims to address these gaps with its innovative treatment options [12][43] - **Launch Strategy**: Focus on top treaters in both academic and community settings to ensure broad access to the product [18] Competitive Landscape - **Standard of Care**: Current treatments like ipilimumab and nivolumab have a median PFS of 10-11 months, with safety concerns [48] - **Expectations from Key Opinion Leaders**: There is significant excitement and anticipation for the Phase III trial results, with expectations that Silenbio could become the new standard of care if it demonstrates superior efficacy and safety [47][49] Financial Position - **Cash Position**: The company has sufficient cash to support operations through Q2 2026, following recent funding activities [41] Conclusion - **Transformational Potential**: IO Biotech is positioned to potentially transform treatment paradigms in melanoma, lung, and head and neck cancers, with a strong pipeline and promising clinical data [43]

Group 1 - IO Biotech, Inc. (IOBT) has reached an important support level and recently experienced a "golden cross," indicating a potential bullish trend [1][2] - A golden cross occurs when a stock's short-term moving average, typically the 50-day, crosses above its long-term moving average, such as the 200-day, suggesting a strong breakout [2][3] - IOBT has rallied 20.6% over the past four weeks, and its current Zacks Rank is 3 (Hold), indicating it could be poised for further gains [4] Group 2 - The positive earnings outlook for IOBT is supported by no earnings estimate cuts and two revisions higher in the past 60 days, with the Zacks Consensus Estimate also increasing [4] - The combination of favorable earnings estimate revisions and the technical breakout signals that investors should monitor IOBT for potential gains in the near future [5]

Summary of IO Biotech (IOBT) FY Conference Call - May 27, 2025 Company Overview - **Company**: IO Biotech (IOBT) - **Lead Asset**: Xilenvio (IL-102, IL-103) - **Focus**: Immuno-oncology, specifically targeting advanced melanoma Key Points Upcoming Data and Trials - **Pivotal Phase III Trial**: Expected readout in Q3 2025 for advanced melanoma patients, with 407 patients fully enrolled as of December 2023 [4][7] - **Primary Analysis**: Based on 226 progression-free survival (PFS) events, with a target of achieving this by Q3 2025 [10][11] - **Event Rate**: Slower than anticipated, leading to a revised guidance for PFS events [8][11] Trial Design and Expectations - **Trial Design**: Randomized 1:1 comparison of Xilenvio plus pembrolizumab (pembro) versus pembro alone [7][17] - **Response Rate**: Previous studies indicated an 80% response rate with 50% complete responses (CRs) and a median PFS of approximately 26 months [13] - **Statistical Power**: The study is powered at 89% with a hazard ratio of 0.65, indicating a 35% improvement in PFS over Keytruda [26][27] Safety and Efficacy - **Safety Profile**: Favorable safety profile with no significant added systemic toxicity compared to pembrolizumab [31][32] - **PD-L1 Status**: The trial includes both PD-L1 positive and negative patients, which may provide a broader efficacy profile compared to emerging treatments that target only PD-L1 negative patients [40] Financial Position - **Cash Position**: Ended Q1 2025 with over €37 million, with a recent drawdown of €10 million from a financing tranche [63][64] - **Future Financing**: Eligible for additional tranches totaling €20 million, contingent on product approval [65][66] Manufacturing and Logistics - **Manufacturing**: Secured manufacturing capabilities in Europe with multiple suppliers for drug substance and product [44][46] - **Adjuvant Used**: Monostinide, which allows for slow release of antigens upon injection [49] Future Developments - **Neoadjuvant Melanoma Study**: Preliminary data expected by the end of 2025, focusing on major pathological response (MPR) as a primary endpoint [74][76] - **Head and Neck Cancer Data**: Encouraging response rates observed, with updates on PFS and durability expected in the second half of 2025 [61][62] Regulatory Interactions - **FDA Communication**: Ongoing interactions with the FDA, including feedback and review meetings, with breakthrough status confirmed [58][59] Additional Insights - **Market Context**: The competitive landscape in immuno-oncology is evolving, with IO Biotech positioning itself to address both PD-L1 positive and negative patient populations [40][78] - **Clinical Relevance**: Emphasis on not just statistical significance but also clinical relevance and quality of life for patients [31][32] This summary encapsulates the critical aspects of IO Biotech's current status, upcoming milestones, and strategic positioning within the immuno-oncology sector.