Industry Overview - The Aerospace & Defense industry is experiencing a significant uptrend, with the S&P Aerospace & Defense Select Industry Index increasing by 43.23% year to date, outperforming the S&P 500's gain of 13.90% in the same period [1]. Demand Drivers - Ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and the prolonged Russia-Ukraine war have led to increased demand for missiles and fighter jets, boosting sales for defense contractors [2]. Supply Chain Challenges - Persistent supply chain disruptions, exacerbated by the Trump administration's trade policies, have negatively impacted production efficiency and delayed backlog execution across the industry [2]. Company Earnings Highlights Northrop Grumman - Northrop Grumman reported third-quarter 2025 earnings of $7.67 per share, exceeding the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $6.49 by 18.2%. Total sales were $10.42 billion, missing the estimate of $10.72 billion by 2.8%, but up 4.3% from $10 billion in the same quarter last year [4][6]. - The company is expected to participate in bids for the U.S. administration's $175 billion Golden Dome missile defense system, which could support long-term revenue growth [5]. - Northrop Grumman's total backlog increased to $91.45 billion at the end of Q3 2025, up from $89.74 billion at the end of Q2 2025 [6]. RTX Corporation - RTX Corporation reported third-quarter 2025 adjusted EPS of $1.70, beating the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $1.42 by 19.7%, and improving 17.2% from $1.45 in the same quarter last year [7]. - Third-quarter sales reached $22.48 billion, surpassing the estimate of $21.48 billion by 4.6% and increasing 11.9% from $20.09 billion in Q3 2024 [8]. - RTX's backlog for Q1 2025 was reported at $217 billion [8]. Lockheed Martin - Lockheed Martin reported third-quarter 2025 adjusted earnings of $6.95 per share, exceeding the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $6.33 by 9.8%, and up 2.2% from $6.80 in the previous year [10]. - Net sales were $18.61 billion, beating the estimate of $18.56 billion by 0.3% and increasing 8.8% from $17.10 billion in the year-ago quarter [11]. - Lockheed Martin's backlog as of September 28, 2025, was $179.07 billion, up from $176.04 billion at the end of 2024 [12]. Investment Opportunities - The aerospace and defense industry maintains an optimistic outlook, with rising military spending expected to continue due to the current geopolitical climate [13]. - Investors may consider various Aerospace – Defense ETFs, including iShares U.S. Aerospace & Defense ETF (ITA), Invesco Aerospace & Defense ETF (PPA), SPDR S&P Aerospace & Defense ETF (XAR), Global X Defense Tech ETF (SHLD), and U.S. Global Technology and Aerospace & Defense ETF (WAR) [14]. - XAR is noted as the cheapest option for annual fees at 0.35%, making it suitable for long-term investing [14]. - SHLD is highlighted as the most liquid option with a one-month average trading volume of about 1.38 million shares, ideal for active trading strategies [15].

Core Insights - The defense sector is shifting focus from traditional hardware to technological advancements in AI, unmanned systems, and space, driven by a new era of warfare [1][2][19] - Government spending is increasingly directed towards AI and autonomy, with over $13 billion allocated in the proposed Fiscal Year 2026 Department of Defense budget [3] Lockheed Martin - Lockheed Martin is evolving to integrate AI and autonomous capabilities into its platforms, enhancing their role in a networked battlefield [4] - The F-35 Lightning II fighter jet exemplifies this strategy, functioning as a data-processing hub, contributing to a 12% sales increase in the Aeronautics division to $7.3 billion in Q3 2025 [5][6] - Lockheed Martin reported Q3 2025 sales of $18.6 billion and a record backlog of $179 billion, raising its full-year guidance and increasing share repurchase authorization [6][8] Northrop Grumman - Northrop Grumman is positioned as a leader in advanced systems, notably as the prime contractor for the B-21 Raider stealth bomber, which is designed for a high-tech battlespace [9][10] - The company reported a 14% sales increase in its Defense Systems segment, although it missed revenue expectations in Q3 2025 [10][11] - Northrop Grumman's market capitalization is around $85.6 billion, reflecting its strategic focus on autonomous and deterrent systems [12] RTX Corporation - RTX Corporation, through its Raytheon segment, is developing critical technologies for modern warfare, including sensors and smart munitions [13][15] - The Raytheon segment saw a 10% sales increase, driven by demand for air defense systems and missiles, with Q3 2025 revenue of $22.5 billion [15][17] - RTX's stock surged over 8% following strong earnings, reflecting investor confidence in its role in the defense ecosystem [18] Investment Considerations - The future of defense investing is centered on companies that excel in AI and software-defined capabilities, marking a shift from traditional production metrics [20][21] - Investors should monitor contract awards in AI programs and R&D spending on digital technologies to identify potential leaders in the defense sector [22]

Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE:NOC) reported upbeat third-quarter 2025 earnings on Tuesday, even as sales came in slightly below forecasts.The aerospace and defense contractor, posted earnings of $7.67 per share, up from $7.00 a year earlier and ahead of analyst estimates of $6.46, benefited from robust segment operating performance.Quarterly sales rose 4% year over year to $10.423 billion, up from $9.996 billion, though they came in slightly below Wall Street's estimate of $10.712 billion.or full-year ...

Earnings Overview - Earnings season is gaining momentum with major companies like Tesla, Netflix, General Motors, and Ford reporting results this week [1][3] - As of October 17, 12% of S&P 500 companies have reported results, with analysts expecting an 8.5% increase in earnings per share for Q3, marking the ninth consecutive quarter of positive earnings growth but a slowdown from the 12% growth in Q2 [1][2] Sector Performance - A diverse range of sectors is represented in the earnings reports, including airlines, toy manufacturers, and telecom providers, with consumer spending updates expected from companies like Procter & Gamble and Deckers Outdoors [4] - Companies such as GE Vernova reported a 55% increase in orders to $14.6 billion, driven by its power and electrification equipment division, despite profits being below expectations [8][9] Company-Specific Highlights - Hilton reported adjusted earnings of $2.11 per share, exceeding expectations, while revenue per available room (RevPAR) declined 1.1% year-over-year [11][12] - AT&T surpassed subscriber estimates due to strong demand for bundled services and iPhone promotions, leading to a nearly 2% rise in stock [13][14] - Intuitive Surgical's stock surged 15% after beating earnings estimates, driven by strong demand for surgical robots [15] - Texas Instruments' stock fell 7% following a weaker-than-expected Q4 outlook, with projected sales of $4.22 billion to $4.58 billion [16][17] - Capital One reported a 23% increase in total net revenue to $15.4 billion, with earnings per share of $4.83, surpassing expectations [19][20] - Philip Morris experienced an 8% drop in stock after reporting a 3.2% decline in cigarette shipments, although smokeless product shipments increased by 16.6% [21][22][23] - 3M raised its annual earnings outlook after reporting sales of $6.3 billion, slightly above estimates, with adjusted earnings per share of $2.19 [24][25] - Halliburton's stock rose over 5% after reporting adjusted earnings of $0.58 per share, exceeding estimates despite a revenue decline to $5.6 billion [26][27] - GE Aerospace's stock increased over 2.5% after reporting a 26% revenue growth to $11.3 billion and raising its full-year EPS forecast [30][31] Market Sentiment - Bank of America noted that 76% of S&P 500 companies reporting so far have exceeded earnings expectations, indicating a stronger-than-usual earnings season [42][43] - Ally Financial reported better-than-expected consumer health, with earnings per share of $1.18, surpassing estimates [45][46]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights that global conflicts have significantly boosted the profits of American arms manufacturers, with companies like Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, and Raytheon Technologies reporting strong financial results in their third-quarter earnings [1][3][6] - Lockheed Martin reported third-quarter sales of $18.6 billion, an 8.8% year-over-year increase, and earnings per share of $6.95, exceeding market expectations of $6.38 [1] - Northrop Grumman's earnings per share reached $7.67, surpassing the expected $6.46, while Raytheon Technologies saw a revenue increase of 11% to $22.5 billion, exceeding market predictions of $21.27 billion [3] Group 2 - The driving force behind the robust profits of American defense giants is attributed to the current global turmoil, ongoing military conflicts, and a general increase in military spending and arms races [3] - The U.S. military budget has been on the rise in recent years, with pressure on allied nations to increase their defense spending and purchase American weapons, as many allies lack the capability to independently secure their defense [3] - The geopolitical competition among major powers has created a favorable environment for U.S. defense companies to market their products effectively, leading to substantial profits [3] Group 3 - The strong financial performance of defense giants may enhance their lobbying power and influence in U.S. domestic politics and policy-making [7] - Defense companies play a crucial role in the U.S. economy, impacting employment and voter tendencies in various states, which facilitates their lobbying efforts to influence both domestic and foreign policies [7] - This influence contributes to a militarized approach in U.S. policy-making, making it challenging to adopt peaceful resolutions to international issues [7] Group 4 - The contrast between the U.S. government's portrayal as a "peace maker" and the booming arms sales is notable, as external crises often stem from policies that respond to defense industry demands [8] - The militarization of U.S. foreign policy has become evident, with the defense industry significantly shaping the country's international actions, leading to a perception of the U.S. as a more aggressive actor rather than a peace promoter [8] - The label of "peace maker" is seen as a political narrative that does not align with the reality of U.S. actions, which often exacerbate global conflicts [8]

Group 1: Market Overview - The U.S. stock market closed mixed, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average reaching a record high, driven by blue-chip earnings [1] - The Dow rose by 218.16 points, or 0.47%, closing at 46,924.74 points; the S&P 500 was nearly flat, up 0.22% to 6,735.35 points; while the Nasdaq Composite fell by 36.88 points, or 0.16%, to 22,953.67 points [1] - Technology stocks showed mixed performance, with Apple hitting a record closing high at $262.77, giving it a market capitalization of $3.9 trillion [1] Group 2: Earnings Reports - The third-quarter earnings season is peaking, with several blue-chip companies exceeding expectations [3] - General Motors' stock surged by 14.9% after raising its full-year guidance and alleviating tariff concerns; Coca-Cola rose by 4.1% due to strong consumer demand and improved margins; 3M increased by 7.7% supported by high-margin product mix and cost control [3] - 78 companies in the S&P 500 have reported earnings, with 87% surpassing market expectations; overall earnings are projected to grow by 9.2% year-on-year, up from an earlier estimate of 8.8% [3] Group 3: Netflix Performance - Netflix reported a third-quarter earnings per share of $5.87, below the market expectation of $6.97, leading to a post-earnings drop of over 6% in its stock price [1][2] - The company's revenue for the quarter was $11.51 billion, in line with analyst expectations, but its operating margin was impacted by ongoing disputes with Brazilian tax authorities [2] - For the fourth quarter, Netflix anticipates revenue of $11.96 billion, slightly above the market forecast of $11.9 billion [2] Group 4: Commodity Prices - International gold and silver prices experienced significant declines, with spot gold dropping by 5.18% to $4,130.41 per ounce, marking the largest single-day drop since April 2013 [4] - Spot silver fell by 7.16% to $48.705 per ounce, also recording its largest drop since 2021 [4] - COMEX gold futures for the current month fell by $250.30, or 5.74%, to $4,109.10 per ounce [4] Group 5: Oil Prices - International oil prices saw slight increases, with WTI crude oil closing at $57.82 per barrel, up 0.52%; Brent crude oil rose by 0.51% to $61.32 per barrel [5]

Earnings Overview - Earnings season is gaining momentum with major companies like Tesla, Netflix, General Motors, and Ford reporting results this week [1][3] - As of October 17, 12% of S&P 500 companies have reported, with analysts expecting an 8.5% increase in earnings per share for Q3, marking the ninth consecutive quarter of positive growth but a slowdown from 12% in Q2 [1][2] Company-Specific Highlights - **Netflix**: Stock fell after missing earnings estimates, with operating profit impacted [8] - **Intuitive Surgical**: Beat earnings estimates with strong demand for surgical robots, resulting in a 15% stock increase [9] - **Texas Instruments**: Stock dropped 7% due to a weaker-than-expected Q4 outlook, projecting sales of $4.22 billion to $4.58 billion, below analyst estimates [10][11] - **Capital One**: Reported a 23% increase in net revenue to $15.4 billion, exceeding expectations, with earnings per share at $4.83 [13][14] - **Philip Morris**: Stock fell 8% after reporting a 3.2% decline in cigarette shipments, although smokeless product sales increased by 16.6% [15][16][17] - **3M**: Stock rose less than 1% after raising its annual earnings outlook, reporting Q3 sales of $6.3 billion, slightly above estimates [18][19] - **Halliburton**: Revenue increased despite falling oil prices, with adjusted earnings of $0.58 per share beating estimates [20][21] - **GE Aerospace**: Stock rose over 2.5% after reporting a 26% revenue increase to $11.3 billion and raising full-year guidance [23][24] - **Northrop Grumman**: Raised its 2025 profit forecast due to increased demand from geopolitical conflicts [28] - **Elevance**: Stock rose 6% after beating quarterly profit estimates [29] Market Trends - Bank of America noted that 76% of S&P 500 companies reporting so far have exceeded earnings expectations, higher than the average of 68% [36][37] - The upcoming week will see a significant number of companies reporting, with 44% of S&P 500 companies expected to release earnings [38]

[PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION](index=3&type=section&id=PART%20I%20%E2%80%93%20FINANCIAL%20INFORMATION) [Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)](index=3&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Financial%20Statements%20(Unaudited)) This section presents the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, including statements of earnings and comprehensive income, financial position, cash flows, and changes in shareholders' equity, along with detailed notes explaining significant accounting policies, earnings per share, share repurchases, dividends, inventoried costs, income taxes, fair value of financial instruments, investigations, commitments, retirement benefits, stock compensation, and segment information. It concludes with the report of the independent registered public accounting firm [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income](index=3&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Earnings%20and%20Comprehensive%20Income) This statement provides a detailed overview of the company's financial performance, including sales, operating income, net earnings, and earnings per share Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income | Metric | Three Months Ended Sep 30, 2025 ($M) | Three Months Ended Sep 30, 2024 ($M) | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2025 ($M) | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2024 ($M) | | :-------------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | | Sales | 10,423 | 9,996 | 30,242 | 30,347 | | Operating income | 1,242 | 1,120 | 3,240 | 3,281 | | Net earnings | 1,100 | 1,026 | 2,755 | 2,910 | | Basic earnings per share | 7.69 | 7.02 | 19.16 | 19.73 | | Diluted earnings per share | 7.67 | 7.00 | 19.12 | 19.69 | [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position](index=4&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Financial%20Position) This statement presents the company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at specific points in time, reflecting its financial health Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position | Metric | September 30, 2025 ($M) | December 31, 2024 ($M) | | :-------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------------- | | Total current assets | 14,105 | 14,274 | | Total assets | 49,300 | 49,359 | | Total current liabilities | 12,718 | 14,128 | | Total liabilities | 33,312 | 34,069 | | Total shareholders' equity | 15,988 | 15,290 | [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=5&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) This statement details the cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities, illustrating changes in liquidity Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | Metric | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2025 ($M) | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :-------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | :--------- | | Net cash provided by operating activities | 860 | 1,810 | (52.5)% | | Net cash used in investing activities | (491) | (951) | (48.4)% | | Net cash used in financing activities | (2,765) | (642) | 330.7% | | Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 1,957 | 3,326 | (41.1)% | [Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity](index=6&type=section&id=Condensed%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Changes%20in%20Shareholders'%20Equity) This statement outlines the changes in the company's equity accounts, including total shareholders' equity and cash dividends declared per share Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity | Metric | Three Months Ended Sep 30, 2025 ($M) | Three Months Ended Sep 30, 2024 ($M) | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2025 ($M) | Nine Months Ended Sep 30, 2024 ($M) | | :-------------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | :---------------------------------- | | Total shareholders' equity | 15,988 | 14,748 | 15,988 | 14,748 | | Cash dividends declared per share | 2.31 | 2.06 | 6.68 | 5.99 | [Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements](index=7&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20Condensed%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) This section provides detailed explanations and supplementary information for the condensed consolidated financial statements [1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies](index=7&type=section&id=1.%20Summary%20of%20Significant%20Accounting%20Policies) This note outlines the company's accounting principles, including consolidation, revenue recognition, and the impact of estimates. It details recent business realignments, the divestiture of the training services business, and significant EAC adjustments, particularly for the B-21 program. It also provides backlog information and discusses recent accounting standards updates - The company realigned its Strategic Deterrent Systems (SDS) division from Space Systems to Defense Systems effective July 1, 2024, and the Strike and Surveillance Aircraft Solutions (SSAS) business unit from Defense Systems to Aeronautics Systems effective January 1, 2025[16](index=16&type=chunk) - On May 24, 2025, the company completed the sale of its Immersive Mission Solutions (IMS) operating unit (training services business) for **$333 million in cash**, recording a pre-tax gain on sale of **$231 million**[17](index=17&type=chunk) - An additional **$477 million loss** was recognized in the first quarter of 2025 across the five low-rate initial production (LRIP) options on the B-21 program, bringing the remaining loss accrual to **$1.6 billion** as of September 30, 2025[25](index=25&type=chunk) Net Estimate-at-Completion (EAC) Adjustments (Operating Income Impact) | Period | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | | :----- | :-------- | :-------- | | Q3 | 81 | 136 | | YTD | 107 | 268 | - Company backlog as of September 30, 2025, was **$91.4 billion**, reflecting a **$150 million reduction** due to the training services divestiture, with approximately **40%** expected to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months[29](index=29&type=chunk) - The company is evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-09 (Income Taxes) and ASU 2024-03 (Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses), and the potential impact of ASU 2025-06 (Internal-Use Software) on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows[36](index=36&type=chunk)[37](index=37&type=chunk)[38](index=38&type=chunk) [2. Earnings Per Share, Share Repurchases and Dividends on Common Stock](index=9&type=section&id=2.%20Earnings%20Per%20Share,%20Share%20Repurchases%20and%20Dividends%20on%20Common%20Stock) This note details the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share, summarizes the company's share repurchase programs, and reports on dividend declarations, including a recent increase in the quarterly common stock dividend Diluted Earnings Per Share | Period | 2025 ($) | 2024 ($) | | :----- | :------- | :------- | | Q3 | 7.67 | 7.00 | | YTD | 19.12 | 19.69 | - The 2023 Repurchase Program (**$2.5 billion authorized**) was completed in September 2025, with **5.2 million shares** repurchased at an average price of **$482.41**; the 2024 Repurchase Program (**$3.0 billion authorized**) commenced in September 2025, with **$2.99 billion** remaining under authorization[43](index=43&type=chunk)[44](index=44&type=chunk)[46](index=46&type=chunk) - In May 2025, the company increased its quarterly common stock dividend by **12% to $2.31 per share** from the previous **$2.06 per share**[47](index=47&type=chunk) [3. Inventoried Costs, Net](index=11&type=section&id=3.%20Inventoried%20Costs,%20Net) This note provides a breakdown of the company's inventoried costs, net, categorized into raw materials, work in process, and finished goods, as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024 Inventoried Costs, Net | Category | September 30, 2025 ($M) | December 31, 2024 ($M) | | :--------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------------- | | Raw materials | 340 | 293 | | Work in process | 1,203 | 1,118 | | Finished goods | 72 | 44 | | **Total** | **1,615** | **1,455** | [4. Income Taxes](index=11&type=section&id=4.%20Income%20Taxes) This note details the company's income tax expense and effective tax rates, highlighting the impact of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) on research and development expenditures and tax reserves. It also discusses changes in taxes receivable and unrecognized tax benefits - The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was enacted on July 4, 2025, reinstating full expensing of R&D expenditures (IRC Section 174) beginning in 2025, extending bonus depreciation, and revising international tax regimes, with effects recognized in Q3 2025 financial statements[49](index=49&type=chunk)[131](index=131&type=chunk) Effective Income Tax Rate (ETR) | Period | 2025 ETR | 2024 ETR | Change (pp) | | :----- | :------- | :------- | :---------- | | Q3 | 16.9% | 13.6% | +3.3 | | YTD | 17.2% | 16.0% | +1.2 | - Third quarter 2025 ETR increased primarily due to a prior year net reduction in tax reserves (federal court decision in 2024) and a reduction in research credits in the current year due to OBBBA, partially offset by lower interest expense on unrecognized tax benefits[51](index=51&type=chunk) - Taxes receivable increased to **$786 million** as of September 30, 2025, from **$517 million** as of December 31, 2024, with OBBBA contributing a **$346 million increase**[53](index=53&type=chunk) - Unrecognized tax benefits increased by approximately **$180 million** in 2025, mainly due to state apportionment matters and research credits, with a reasonable possibility of an additional **$90 million increase** within the next 12 months[54](index=54&type=chunk) [5. Fair Value of Financial Instruments](index=12&type=section&id=5.%20Fair%20Value%20of%20Financial%20Instruments) This note details the fair value measurement of the company's financial instruments, including marketable securities and derivatives, and provides information on long-term debt issuances and repayments Marketable Securities at Fair Value | Category | September 30, 2025 ($M) | December 31, 2024 ($M) | | :-------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------------- | | Level 1 | 496 | 325 | | Level 3 | 14 | 14 | | Valued using NAV | 6 | 8 | | **Total marketable securities** | **516** | **347** | - Unrealized gains and losses from marketable securities were **$82 million** for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and **$92 million** for the nine months ended September 30, 2025[59](index=59&type=chunk) - The estimated fair value of the company's long-term debt was **$15.1 billion** as of September 30, 2025, compared to **$15.3 billion** as of December 31, 2024[62](index=62&type=chunk) - In May 2025, the company issued **$1.0 billion** of unsecured senior notes for general corporate purposes; in January 2025, **$1.5 billion** of 2.93% unsecured senior notes were repaid upon maturity[64](index=64&type=chunk)[65](index=65&type=chunk) [6. Investigations, Claims and Litigation](index=13&type=section&id=6.%20Investigations,%20Claims%20and%20Litigation) This note outlines the company's involvement in various legal proceedings, including environmental remediation at Bethpage, New York, and government investigations concerning Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) pension expense assumptions. The outcomes and potential liabilities for these matters are currently unpredictable - The company continues to incur substantial remediation costs related to historic operations at former U.S. Navy and Grumman facilities in Bethpage, New York, and is involved in lawsuits alleging personal injury and property damage, with potential outcomes and liability ranges not currently estimable[66](index=66&type=chunk) - The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) issued a criminal subpoena and civil investigative demand regarding the interest rate assumptions used to determine the company's U.S. Government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) pension expense; the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted[67](index=67&type=chunk) [7. Commitments and Contingencies](index=14&type=section&id=7.%20Commitments%20and%20Contingencies) This note details the company's commitments and contingencies, including U.S. government cost claims, environmental remediation accruals, and financial arrangements such as commercial paper and credit facilities. It highlights a dispute with DCMA regarding CAS pension expense assumptions - The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) determined noncompliance with Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) regarding interest rate assumptions used for pension expense during 2013-2019, with potential material effects on financial position, results of operations, and/or cash flows, though a range of potential loss is not currently estimable[72](index=72&type=chunk) Environmental Remediation Costs | Category | September 30, 2025 ($M) | December 31, 2024 ($M) | | :------------------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :--------------------- | | Accrued Costs | 567 | 546 | | Reasonably Possible Future Costs in Excess of Accrued Costs | 387 | 377 | | Deferred Costs (expected to be recoverable) | 522 | 507 | - The company increased its commercial paper program capacity from **$2.5 billion to $3.0 billion** in September 2025, with no outstanding borrowings as of September 30, 2025[75](index=75&type=chunk) - A new five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility of **$3.0 billion** was entered into in September 2025, replacing a prior **$2.5 billion facility**, with no outstanding borrowings as of September 30, 2025[76](index=76&type=chunk) [8. Retirement Benefits](index=15&type=section&id=8.%20Retirement%20Benefits) This note provides a summary of the costs associated with the company's pension and other postretirement benefit (OPB) plans, as well as employer contributions to these plans and defined contribution plans Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Benefit) | Plan Type | Period | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | | :-------- | :----- | :-------- | :-------- | | Pension | Q3 | (81) | (108) | | OPB | Q3 | (6) | (5) | | Pension | YTD | (240) | (324) | | OPB | YTD | (16) | (15) | Employer Contributions to Retirement Plans | Plan Type | Period | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | | :------------------------ | :----- | :-------- | :-------- | | Defined benefit pension plans | Q3 | 25 | 17 | | OPB plans | Q3 | 7 | 7 | | Defined contribution plans | Q3 | 133 | 136 | | Defined benefit pension plans | YTD | 67 | 66 | | OPB plans | YTD | 27 | 27 | | Defined contribution plans | YTD | 517 | 517 | [9. Stock Compensation Plans and Other Compensation Arrangements](index=16&type=section&id=9.%20Stock%20Compensation%20Plans%20and%20Other%20Compensation%20Arrangements) This note outlines the types and aggregate fair values of stock awards (RSRs and RPSRs) and the minimum and maximum payout amounts for cash awards (CUs and CPUs) granted to employees under the company's long-term incentive plans Stock Awards Granted (Nine Months Ended September 30) | Award Type | 2025 (M shares) | 2024 (M shares) | | :--------- | :-------------- | :-------------- | | RSRs granted | 0.1 | 0.1 | | RPSRs granted | 0.1 | 0.2 | | **Grant date aggregate fair value** | **$104M** | **$109M** | Cash Awards (Nine Months Ended September 30) | Metric | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | | :------------------------ | :-------- | :-------- | | Minimum aggregate payout amount | 35 | 35 | | Maximum aggregate payout amount | 199 | 200 | [10. Segment Information](index=17&type=section&id=10.%20Segment%20Information) This note provides detailed financial performance for each of the company's four reportable segments: Aeronautics Systems, Defense Systems, Mission Systems, and Space Systems. It includes sales, operating costs, operating income, and disaggregation of revenue by customer type, contract type, and geographic region, along with capital expenditures and depreciation/amortization Segment Sales and Operating Income (Q3 2025 vs Q3 2024) | Segment | Sales 2025 ($M) | Sales 2024 ($M) | Sales Change (%) | Op Income 2025 ($M) | Op Income 2024 ($M) | Op Income Change (%) | | :------------------ | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------- | | Aeronautics Systems | 3,142 | 2,961 | 6% | 305 | 309 | (1)% | | Defense Systems | 2,059 | 1,800 | 14% | 234 | 160 | 46% | | Mission Systems | 3,093 | 2,823 | 10% | 515 | 390 | 32% | | Space Systems | 2,698 | 2,870 | (6)% | 298 | 345 | (14)% | | **Total Segment** | **10,423** | **9,996** | **4%** | **1,277** | **1,146** | **11%** | Segment Sales and Operating Income (YTD 2025 vs YTD 2024) | Segment | Sales 2025 ($M) | Sales 2024 ($M) | Sales Change (%) | Op Income 2025 ($M) | Op Income 2024 ($M) | Op Income Change (%) | | :------------------ | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------- | | Aeronautics Systems | 9,070 | 9,065 | 0% | 443 | 927 | (52)% | | Defense Systems | 5,855 | 5,396 | 9% | 666 | 507 | 31% | | Mission Systems | 9,057 | 8,255 | 10% | 1,317 | 1,129 | 17% | | Space Systems | 7,912 | 9,021 | (12)% | 861 | 979 | (12)% | | **Total Segment** | **30,242** | **30,347** | **0%** | **3,064** | **3,351** | **(9)%** | Sales by Customer Type (Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025) | Customer Type | Sales ($M) | % of Total Sales | | :-------------- | :--------- | :--------------- | | U.S. government | 25,423 | 84% | | International | 4,290 | 14% | | Other customers | 529 | 2% | Capital Expenditures (Nine Months Ended September 30) | Segment | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------------ | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Aeronautics Systems | 250 | 339 | (26)% | | Defense Systems | 44 | 46 | (4)% | | Mission Systems | 152 | 143 | 6% | | Space Systems | 251 | 401 | (37)% | | Corporate | 91 | 22 | 314% | | **Total** | **788** | **951** | **(17)%** | [Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm](index=21&type=section&id=Report%20of%20Independent%20Registered%20Public%20Accounting%20Firm) This report presents the independent auditor's opinion on the fairness of the interim financial information and the consolidated financial statements - Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm, concluded that no material modifications are needed for the accompanying interim financial information to be in conformity with GAAP[92](index=92&type=chunk) - An unqualified opinion was previously expressed on the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024, and the information in the condensed consolidated statement of financial position as of that date is fairly stated[93](index=93&type=chunk) [Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=24&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) This section provides management's perspective on the company's financial condition and operating results, covering an overview of the business, consolidated and segment operating results, product and service analysis, backlog, liquidity, capital resources, critical accounting policies, and forward-looking statements. It highlights the impact of the global security and economic environments, U.S. political and budget dynamics, and key program updates [Overview](index=24&type=section&id=Overview) This section provides a high-level summary of key business events, market conditions, and significant program updates impacting the company's financial performance - The company completed the sale of its training services business on May 24, 2025, for **$333 million in cash**, recording a pre-tax gain of **$231 million**[100](index=100&type=chunk) - The global security environment, marked by heightened tensions in Ukraine, the Middle East, and the Pacific region, is increasing demand for defense products and services[101](index=101&type=chunk)[102](index=102&type=chunk) - The U.S. government enacted the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, increasing defense spending by **$6 billion** for FY 2025, and the FY 2026 budget request includes approximately **$962 billion** for the Department of War, an **11.8% increase**[108](index=108&type=chunk)[109](index=109&type=chunk) - A U.S. government shutdown, ongoing since October 1, 2025, could lead to program disruptions, delayed payments, and material adverse effects on the company's financials[110](index=110&type=chunk)[111](index=111&type=chunk) - The B-21 program recognized an additional **$477 million loss provision** in Q1 2025, with a **$122 million unfavorable EAC adjustment** in Q3 2025 largely offset by a contract restructure[27](index=27&type=chunk)[115](index=115&type=chunk) - The Sentinel program was certified for continuation by the Department of War in July 2024 after a Nunn-McCurdy breach review and recognized a **$76 million favorable EAC adjustment** in Q2 2025 due to expectations for achieving contract incentives[27](index=27&type=chunk)[119](index=119&type=chunk)[120](index=120&type=chunk) [Consolidated Operating Results](index=25&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Operating%20Results) This section analyzes the company's overall sales, operating income, net earnings, and diluted earnings per share, highlighting key drivers and changes Consolidated Sales Performance | Metric | Q3 2025 ($M) | Q3 2024 ($M) | Q3 Change (%) | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | YTD Change (%) | | :------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :------------- | | Total Sales | 10,423 | 9,996 | 4% | 30,242 | 30,347 | 0% | | Organic Sales | 10,423 | 9,926 | 5% | 30,130 | 30,121 | 0% | Consolidated Operating Income and Margin Rate | Metric | Q3 2025 ($M) | Q3 2024 ($M) | Q3 Change (%) | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | YTD Change (%) | | :------------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :------------- | | Operating Income | 1,242 | 1,120 | 11% | 3,240 | 3,281 | (1)% | | Operating Margin Rate | 11.9% | 11.2% | +0.7pp | 10.7% | 10.8% | (0.1)pp | - Year-to-date 2025 operating income decreased **1%** due to a **$287 million decrease** in segment operating income (primarily from the B-21 loss provision) and a **$128 million increase** in non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense, partially offset by a **$231 million pre-tax gain** on the training services divestiture[129](index=129&type=chunk) Consolidated Net Earnings and Diluted EPS | Metric | Q3 2025 ($M) | Q3 2024 ($M) | Q3 Change (%) | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | YTD Change (%) | | :---------- | :----------- | :----------- | :------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :------------- | | Net Earnings| 1,100 | 1,026 | 7% | 2,755 | 2,910 | (5)% | | Diluted EPS | 7.67 | 7.00 | 10% | 19.12 | 19.69 | (3)% | - Year-to-date 2025 net earnings decreased **5%** primarily due to a **$100 million reduction** in non-operating FAS pension benefit, lower interest income on short-term investments, and the decrease in operating income, partially offset by a **$78 million increase** in returns on marketable securities[136](index=136&type=chunk) [Segment Operating Results](index=29&type=section&id=Segment%20Operating%20Results) This section analyzes the financial performance of each reportable segment, detailing sales, operating income, and key drivers of change Segment Operating Income and Margin Rate (Q3 vs. Prior Year) | Metric | Q3 2025 ($M) | Q3 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :--------- | | Segment Operating Income | 1,277 | 1,146 | 11% | | Segment Operating Margin Rate | 12.3% | 11.5% | +0.8pp | Segment Operating Income and Margin Rate (YTD vs. Prior Year) | Metric | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :--------- | | Segment Operating Income | 3,064 | 3,351 | (9)% | | Segment Operating Margin Rate | 10.1% | 11.0% | (0.9)pp | - Year-to-date 2025 segment operating income decreased **9%** primarily due to lower operating income at Aeronautics Systems (driven by a **$477 million B-21 loss provision** in Q1 2025) and Space Systems, partially offset by higher operating income at Mission Systems and Defense Systems[145](index=145&type=chunk) Net EAC Adjustments by Segment (YTD) | Segment | 2025 ($M) | 2024 ($M) | | :------------------ | :-------- | :-------- | | Aeronautics Systems | (225) | 165 | | Defense Systems | 141 | 45 | | Mission Systems | 163 | 11 | | Space Systems | 37 | 50 | | Eliminations | (9) | (3) | | **Net EAC adjustments** | **107** | **268** | - Aeronautics Systems' year-to-date 2025 operating income decreased **52% to $443 million**, primarily due to the **$477 million loss provision** recorded on the B-21 program in the first quarter of 2025[153](index=153&type=chunk) - Defense Systems' year-to-date 2025 operating income increased **31% to $666 million**, driven by higher sales and operating margin rate, including a **$76 million favorable EAC adjustment** on the Sentinel program during Q2 2025[158](index=158&type=chunk) - Mission Systems' year-to-date 2025 operating income increased **17% to $1,317 million**, primarily due to higher sales and a higher operating margin rate, including a **$68 million favorable EAC adjustment** in the restricted advanced microelectronics portfolio[163](index=163&type=chunk) - Space Systems' year-to-date 2025 sales decreased **12% to $7,912 million**, primarily due to the wind-down of work on restricted space and Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) programs, which reduced sales by **$635 million**[166](index=166&type=chunk) [Product and Service Analysis](index=34&type=section&id=Product%20and%20Service%20Analysis) This section provides a detailed breakdown of the company's sales and costs by product and service categories, highlighting key drivers of change Product Sales and Costs (Q3 vs. Prior Year) | Metric | Q3 2025 ($M) | Q3 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :--------- | | Product Sales | 8,369 | 7,939 | 5% | | Product Costs | 7,396 | 7,049 | 5% | - Third quarter 2025 product sales increased **5%** due to higher volume on military ammunition, IBCS, Sentinel, restricted advanced microelectronics, marine systems, international ground-based radar, TACAMO, and F-35 programs[170](index=170&type=chunk) Service Sales and Costs (YTD vs. Prior Year) | Metric | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :--------- | | Service Sales | 6,094 | 6,230 | (2)% | | Service Costs | 5,284 | 5,446 | (3)% | - Year-to-date 2025 service sales decreased **2%** primarily due to lower service volume at Defense Systems (training services divestiture) and lower restricted sales at Aeronautics Systems[175](index=175&type=chunk) [Backlog](index=33&type=section&id=Backlog) This section provides an overview of the company's total backlog, including funded and unfunded components, and details significant new contract awards Total Backlog | Metric | September 30, 2025 ($M) | December 31, 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------ | :---------------------- | :--------------------- | :--------- | | Funded | 38,966 | | | | Unfunded | 52,482 | | | | **Total backlog** | **91,448** | **91,468** | 0% | - Third quarter and year-to-date 2025 net awards totaled **$12.2 billion** and **$30.4 billion**, respectively, with significant Q3 new awards including **$4.5 billion** for restricted programs, **$1.8 billion** for Ground-Based Midcourse Defense Weapon System (GWS), **$0.5 billion** for F-35, and **$0.4 billion** for Virginia Class submarines[176](index=176&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=35&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) This section discusses the company's cash position, operating cash flow, investing activities, and financing activities, assessing its ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations - As of September 30, 2025, the company had **$2.0 billion** in cash and cash equivalents and expects sufficient liquidity from operating activities, supplemented by borrowings if needed[178](index=178&type=chunk) Operating Cash Flow (YTD vs. Prior Year) | Metric | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :----------------------------------- | :------------ | :------------ | :--------- | | Net cash provided by operating activities | 860 | 1,810 | (52)% | - The decrease in operating cash flow was primarily due to **$1.0 billion higher net cash taxes** (partially from a prior year federal tax refund) and increased trade working capital[181](index=181&type=chunk) Free Cash Flow (YTD vs. Prior Year) | Metric | YTD 2025 ($M) | YTD 2024 ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------ | :------------ | :------------ | :--------- | | Free Cash Flow| 72 | 859 | (92)% | - Net cash used in investing activities decreased **48%** year-over-year, primarily due to **$333 million in proceeds** from the sale of the training services business and lower capital expenditures[184](index=184&type=chunk) - Net cash used in financing activities increased **331%** year-over-year, primarily due to a **$3.0 billion net decrease** in cash from long-term debt, partially offset by a **$905 million decrease** in share repurchases[185](index=185&type=chunk) [Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments](index=35&type=section&id=Critical%20Accounting%20Policies,%20Estimates%20and%20Judgments) This section confirms that there have been no material changes to the company's critical accounting policies and estimates since its last annual report - There have been no material changes to the company's critical accounting policies and estimates from those discussed in its 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K[187](index=187&type=chunk) [Accounting Standards Updates](index=35&type=section&id=Accounting%20Standards%20Updates) This section directs readers to Note 1 for further information regarding recent accounting standards updates - Refer to Note 1 to the financial statements for further information on accounting standards updates[188](index=188&type=chunk) [Forward-Looking Statements and Projections](index=35&type=section&id=Forward-Looking%20Statements%20and%20Projections) This section discusses the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with forward-looking statements and the company's policy on updating such projections - Forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and expectations but inherently involve a wide range of risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict[189](index=189&type=chunk) - Key risks include dependence on the U.S. government, delays or reductions in appropriations (e.g., government shutdown), contract cost growth, macroeconomic pressures, investigations, regulatory changes, and cyber threats[190](index=190&type=chunk)[194](index=194&type=chunk) - The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, except as required by applicable law[192](index=192&type=chunk) [Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=36&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) This section states that there have been no material changes to the company's market risks since the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K - There have been no material changes to the company's market risks from those discussed in its 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K[193](index=193&type=chunk) [Item 4. Controls and Procedures](index=37&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) This section confirms that the company's disclosure controls and procedures were evaluated as effective as of September 30, 2025, and reports no material changes in internal control over financial reporting during the quarter - The company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2025[195](index=195&type=chunk) - No changes occurred in the company's internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2025, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting[196](index=196&type=chunk) [PART II – OTHER INFORMATION](index=40&type=section&id=PART%20II%20%E2%80%93%20OTHER%20INFORMATION) [Item 1. Legal Proceedings](index=40&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) This section refers to Notes 6 and 7 for details on legal proceedings, investigations, and claims, emphasizing potential administrative, civil, or criminal sanctions and the inherent uncertainty of outcomes. It also specifies the disclosure threshold for environmental proceedings - Information about certain legal proceedings is provided in Notes 6 and 7 to the financial statements[198](index=198&type=chunk) - Legal proceedings could result in administrative, civil, or criminal fines, penalties, damages, non-monetary relief, or other liabilities, including suspension or debarment from future government contracts[199](index=199&type=chunk) - Environmental proceedings with a governmental entity as a party are disclosed if the company reasonably believes such proceeding would result in monetary sanctions of **$1.0 million or more**[200](index=200&type=chunk) [Item 1A. Risk Factors](index=40&type=page&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) This section directs readers to the company's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a comprehensive discussion of its risk factors - For a discussion of the company's risk factors, refer to the section entitled 'Risk Factors' in its 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K[201](index=201&type=chunk) [Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds](index=40&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Unregistered%20Sales%20of%20Equity%20Securities%20and%20Use%20of%20Proceeds) This section summarizes the company's common stock repurchases during the third quarter of 2025, detailing the number of shares purchased, average price paid, and remaining authorized funds under publicly announced programs Common Stock Repurchases (Three Months Ended September 30, 2025) | Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share ($) | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased ($M) | | :---------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------- | | June 28, 2025 - July 25, 2025 | 131,870 | 520.37 | 3,198 | | July 26, 2025 - August 22, 2025 | 158,515 | 581.62 | 3,106 | | August 23, 2025 - September 26, 2025 | 196,899 | 580.88 | 2,992 | | **Total** | **487,284** | **564.74** | **2,992** | - Share repurchases occur from time to time, subject to market and regulatory conditions, and common stock is retired upon repurchase[203](index=203&type=chunk) [Item 5. Other Information](index=41&type=section&id=Item%205.%20Other%20Information) This section discloses Rule 10b5-1 and non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements entered into by directors and officers during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 Director/Officer Trading Arrangements (Quarter Ended September 30, 2025) | Name (Title) | Type of Trading Arrangement | Date of Adoption | Expiration Date of Trading Arrangement | Aggregate Number of Securities to Be Purchased or Sold | | :-------------------------------- | :-------------------------- | :--------------- | :------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------- | | Kathy J. Warden (Chair, CEO, President) | Rule 10b5-1 | September 2, 2025 | February 2, 2026 | Sale of 10,000 shares of common stock | | Mark A. Welsh III (Director) | Rule 10b5-1 | | August 7, 2026 | Sale of 382 shares of common stock | [Item 6. Exhibits](index=42&type=section&id=Item%206.%20Exhibits) This section lists all exhibits filed with the Form 10-Q, including interactive data files, credit agreements, and various certifications required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Key exhibits filed include the Cover Page Interactive Data File (104), Credit Agreement (10.1), Letter from Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (15), and Certifications pursuant to Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2)[209](index=209&type=chunk) [Signatures](index=43&type=section&id=Signatures) This section contains the official signatures for the Form 10-Q, confirming its submission on behalf of Northrop Grumman Corporation - The report was signed on behalf of Northrop Grumman Corporation by Michael A. Hardesty, Corporate Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, on October 20, 2025[212](index=212&type=chunk)

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The earnings reports of Lockheed Martin Corp (LMT), Northrop Grumman Corp (NOC), and RTX Corp (RTX) reveal mixed results, with RTX outperforming its peers while LMT and NOC face challenges despite some positive indicators. Group 1: Lockheed Martin Corp (LMT) - LMT's stock is down 2.7% to $491.89 despite an optimistic full-year profit forecast and strong demand, alongside better-than-expected third-quarter earnings and revenue [1] - The stock shows a year-over-year deficit of 19.9%, but support at the $480 level appears to be holding [1] Group 2: Northrop Grumman Corp (NOC) - NOC's shares are down 1.2% at $594.92, impacted by a revenue miss in the third quarter and lowered sales guidance, overshadowing an earnings beat and full-year profit increase [2] - The stock is experiencing its fourth loss in five sessions, retreating from a record high of $640.90 on October 9 to its lowest level since September, yet still maintains a year-over-year gain of 27% [2] Group 3: RTX Corp (RTX) - RTX is performing well, up 8% to $173.52 after exceeding both top- and bottom-line estimates for the third quarter and raising its full-year outlook due to strong jet-engine demand [3] - The stock reached a record high of $178.76 and currently shows a significant year-over-year gain of 50.3% for 2025 [3] Group 4: Options Activity - All three companies are experiencing typical options activity, with LMT and NOC seeing double the usual intraday options volume, while RTX is seeing triple the usual amount [4] - The most active options for LMT and RTX are the weekly 10/24 505- and 180-strike calls, while NOC's leading contract is the November 90 call [4]

Core Insights - Northrop Grumman Corporation (NOC) reported third-quarter 2025 adjusted earnings of $7.67 per share, exceeding the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $6.49 by 18.2% and increasing 9.6% from $7 in the prior-year quarter [1] - Total sales for the third quarter were $10.42 billion, missing the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $10.72 billion by 2.8%, but rising 4.3% from $10 billion reported in the year-ago quarter [2] - The company's total backlog reached $91.45 billion at the end of the third quarter, up from $89.74 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2025 [3] Segment Performance - **Aeronautics Systems**: Sales increased 6.1% year over year to $3.14 billion, driven by a $110 million increase from the E-130J TACAMO program and a $105 million rise in the F-35 program. Operating income was $305 million, down from $309 million in the prior year, with a margin decline of 70 basis points to 9.7% [4] - **Mission Systems**: Sales jumped 9.6% to $3.09 billion, driven by increased sales from advanced microelectronics programs and international radar programs. Operating income rose 32.1% to $515 million, with an operating margin expansion of 290 basis points to 16.7% [5] - **Defense Systems**: Sales increased 14.4% year over year to $2.06 billion, supported by higher volumes in armament programs and new awards. Operating income improved 46.3% to $234 million, with a margin expansion of 250 basis points to 11.4% [6] - **Space Systems**: Sales declined 6% to $2.7 billion due to winding down of certain programs. Operating income decreased 13.6% to $298 million, with a margin decline of 100 basis points to 11% [7] Financial Overview - Total operating income for the quarter was $1.24 billion, up from $1.12 billion in the prior-year quarter, attributed to higher income in Mission and Defense Systems [9] - Cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2025, totaled $1.96 billion, down from $4.35 billion at the end of 2024. Long-term debt increased to $15.16 billion from $14.69 billion [10] - Net cash provided by operating activities was $0.86 billion for the first nine months of 2025, compared to $1.81 billion in the same period last year [10] Guidance - Northrop Grumman revised its revenue guidance for 2025 to a range of $41.70-$41.90 billion, lower than the previous range of $42.05-$42.25 billion. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for sales is $42.17 billion, above the new guidance [11] - The company raised its adjusted earnings guidance to a range of $25.65-$26.05 per share, higher than the previous range of $25.00-$25.40. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for earnings is $25.38 per share, below the new guidance [12]