据法庭记录显示，好市多是自今年10月下旬以来向美国国际贸易法院提起诉讼的数十家公司之一，这些诉讼挑战了特朗普政府动用《国际经济紧急权力法》 （IEEPA）征收关税的做法。好市多是加入这场主要由小型企业和民主党人推动的诉讼中的大型企业之一。 第一财经记者在好市多的诉状中看到，代理律师表示，最高法院若如果宣布特朗普政府一系列关税违法，所有缴纳关税的企业能否获得退款仍存在不确定 性，因此该公司于11月28日向美国国际贸易法院提起诉讼。如果特朗普政府败诉，好市多则可以成为赔偿方。 管健表示，"大概率（特朗普政府）会败诉。" 全美最大的仓储式会员店连锁企业好市多（Costco）也加入了起诉特朗普政府的阵营之中。 北京广问律师事务所合伙人管健在接受第一财经记者采访时表示，首先，企业认为当前案件的赢面增大；其次，此前有看法认为，裁定结果只限于原告，未 提起诉讼的恐怕无法享受退税。 针对该案件走向，管健还表示，"大概率（特朗普政府）会败诉。" 好市多加入战局 当前加入起诉特朗普政府的企业队伍正在不断扩大，以确保如果美国最高法院推翻特朗普政府标志性的全球关税政策时，它们都能够获得退款。 简单而言，IEEPA为美国联邦法律，授权 ...

Core Points - The average effective tariff rate for American consumers is currently 21.9%, the highest since 1909 [1] - Two educational toy companies in Illinois have filed an emergency petition to the U.S. Supreme Court regarding the constitutionality of tariffs imposed by the Trump administration [1][4] - The case has already seen partial victories in lower courts, but the Trump administration has appealed, and the Supreme Court may intervene directly [1][5] Group 1: Tariff Impact on Businesses - The Trump administration's tariffs are described as a key tool to address long-term trade deficits and create a fair competitive environment for U.S. businesses [7] - The tariffs are projected to increase the tax burden on Americans by $660 billion annually, marking the largest tax increase in modern history [7] - The tariffs are expected to raise consumer prices, contributing to a 2% increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) [7] Group 2: Economic Consequences - By 2025, tariffs are anticipated to raise short-term price levels by 2.2%, resulting in an average loss of $3,600 per household [8] - The tariffs are projected to reduce the U.S. GDP growth rate by 0.8 percentage points and shrink the economy by 0.5% in the long term, equating to an annual loss of $160 billion [9] - Retail sales in the U.S. fell by 0.9% in May, marking the largest decline in two years, indicating a downward trend in consumer spending due to tariffs [9]